细胞与大分子 Cell ¯omolecule
细胞与大分子 Cell ¯omolecule
细胞分类 ◆原核生物( prokaryote)是最简单的活细胞 ■真细菌( eubacteria) 古细菌( archaea) ◆真核生物( eukaryote) ◆分化
细胞分类 原核生物(prokaryote)—是最简单的活细胞 ◼ 真细菌（eubacteria） ◼ 古细菌（archaea） 真核生物(eukaryote) 分化
典型的原核细胞结构图 omes Bacterial ribosomes are smaller than otic ribosomes, but serve the same fnnction- Structural features of e coli synthesis fron an RNA messag no nuclear membrane Nucleoid Contains a single simple, long circular DNA Pili Provide points of Bacteria and Archaea are commonly referred to as "prokaryotes"because they have no nuclear membrane Movement in contract to "eukaryotes Bacteria and Archaea are usually small cells Irritability (1-2 um in length), whereas eukaryotic cells are 4(eg yeast) to 100 um across Growth Bacteria and Archaea have no Adaptation membrane-enclosed, intracellular compartments cell envelopee eproduction
典型的原核细胞结构图 no nuclear membrane Structural features of E. coli - Bacteria and Archaea are commonly referred to as “prokaryotes” because they have no nuclear membrane, in contract to “eukaryotes” - Bacteria and Archaea are usually small cells (1-2 µm in length), whereas eukaryotic cells are 4 (eg. yeast) to 100 µm across - Bacteria and Archaea have no membrane-enclosed, intracellular compartments Movement Irritability Growth Adaptation reproduction
真细菌( eubacteria) ◆具有原核生物的构造 质膜(p| asma membrane) ◆磷脂双分子层 ■细胞壁(ce‖Wal 胞内 二条折叠成类核体附着在质膜上的环状染色体 质粒(小分子DNA) ◆核糖核酸(RNA) ◆按糖体 无明显的亚细胞器
真细菌(eubacteria) 具有原核生物的构造 ◼ 质膜(plasma membrane) 磷脂双分子层 ◼ 细胞壁(cell wall) ◼ 胞内 一条折叠成类核体附着在质膜上的环状染色体 质粒（小分子DNA） 核糖核酸（RNA） 核糖体 无明显的亚细胞器
◆生化性质 典型的真细菌一大肠杆菌( EsCherichia coli 有一个4600kb的基因组,携带足以编码约 3000种蛋白质的遗传信息
生化性质 ◼ 典型的真细菌—大肠杆菌（Eschericlia coli） 有一个4600kb的基因组，携带足以编码约 3000种蛋白质的遗传信息