Control of gene expression 基因表达的调控
Control of Gene Expression 基因表达的调控
Necessity of gene expression 并非所有的基因都需要连续表达。不同 的细胞,不同的细胞周期,同一个基因 表达水平也不一样 为适应不断改变的生活环境 调控可以使生物在其所处的环境中以最 优的方式生存
Necessity of gene expression • 并非所有的基因都需要连续表达。不同 的细胞，不同的细胞周期，同一个基因 表达水平也不一样。 • 为适应不断改变的生活环境。 • 调控可以使生物在其所处的环境中以最 优的方式生存
Tow difference genes Housekeeping gene(管家基因):是一些细 胞维持正常细胞功能所需的基因,是连 续表达的 Regulated gene(可调节基因):它们的活性 是以细胞或生物体的需求来控制的
Tow difference Genes • Housekeeping Gene(管家基因): 是一些细 胞维持正常细胞功能所需的基因，是连 续表达的 • Regulated gene(可调节基因): 它们的活性 是以细胞或生物体的需求来控制的
Difference levels is gene expression regulated DNA rearrangements: programmed change of DNA Sequence position Transcriptional regulation: RNa synthesis RNA processing: splicing Stability of mRNA: half life Translational control: peptide synthesis Post translational control: enzymes
Difference Levels is Gene expression regulated • DNA rearrangements: programmed change of DNA sequence position. • Transcriptional regulation: RNA synthesis • RNA processing: splicing • Stability of mRNA: half life • Translational control: peptide synthesis • Post translational control: enzymes
Regulation of protein activity vs amount Regulate protein activity Allostery变构效应 Covalent modification Sequestration Regulate the amount of protein Gene transcription RNA processing RNa turnover mRNa translation Protein processing, assembly, turnover
Regulation of protein activity vs. amount • Regulate protein activity – Allostery变构效应 – Covalent modification – Sequestration • Regulate the amount of protein – Gene transcription – RNA processing – RNA turnover – mRNA translation – Protein processing, assembly, turnover