Inflammation General aspects Reaction to tissue injury-manifested by pain swelling, heat, and throbbing of location Location appears red and shiny hot and painful to touch as a result of changes in local blood vessels and lymphatics Tissues may return to normal or scarring may result BIOL 533 7 Lecture 5
BIOL 533 7 Lecture 5 Inflammation • General aspects – Reaction to tissue injury—manifested by pain, swelling, heat, and throbbing of location – Location appears red and shiny, hot and painful to touch as a result of changes in local blood vessels and lymphatics – Tissues may return to normal or scarring may result
Inflammation Tissues may return to normal or scarring may result depends on extent of damage done By injury By infecting microbes By inflammatory response BIOL 533 Lecture 5
BIOL 533 8 Lecture 5 Inflammation • Tissues may return to normal or scarring may result; depends on extent of damage done: – By injury – By infecting microbes – By inflammatory response
Inflammation Description of changes Blood supply increases to affected part due to vasodilation Capillaries become more permeable, allowing fluid and large molecules to move into tissues Consequence of inflammation pH of inflamed tissues lowered Production of lactic acid -antimicrobial BIOL 533 Lecture 5
BIOL 533 9 Lecture 5 Inflammation • Description of changes – Blood supply increases to affected part due to vasodilation – Capillaries become more permeable, allowing fluid and large molecules to move into tissues – Consequence of inflammation • pH of inflamed tissues lowered – Production of lactic acid—antimicrobial
Inflammation Molecular basis of inflammatory response and acute phase response Inflammatory response starts with activation of complement or of blood-clotting cascade Complement and clotting are interactive Either can set off the other Normally, clotting is seen when acute inflammatory response is severe BIOL 533 Lecture 5
BIOL 533 10 Lecture 5 Inflammation • Molecular basis of inflammatory response and acute phase response – Inflammatory response starts with activation of complement or of blood-clotting cascade • Complement and clotting are interactive • Either can set off the other • Normally, clotting is seen when acute inflammatory response is severe
Molecular basis Inflammatory response leads to production and release of a number of chemical effectors of inflammation responsible for vascular permeability vasodilation, and pain Histamine Kinin Leukotrienes and prostaglandins BIOL 533 Lecture 5
BIOL 533 11 Lecture 5 Molecular Basis • Inflammatory response leads to production and release of a number of chemical effectors of inflammation responsible for vascular permeability, vasodilation, and pain – Histamine – Kinin – Leukotrienes and prostaglandins