Paul ricoeur's Text and Interpretation 2. Distanciations in the text d. Distanciation of the text and the referent of the text or the reality designated/signified in the text o The world ofthe text: "Reference.. distinguishes discourse from language, the latter has no relation with reality, its words returning to other words in the endless circle of the dictionary. Only discourse, we shall say, intends things, applies itself to reality, expresses the world. ( Ricoeur, 1981a,p.l40 ②“ The most fundamental hermeneutical problen….isto explicate the type ofbeing-in-the world (life-world unfolded in front of the text. Ricoeur, 198la, p 141)
11 Paul Ricoeur’s Text and Interpretation 2. Distanciations in the text: d. Distanciation of the text and the referent of the text or the reality designated/signified in the text The world of the text: “Reference…distinguishes discourse from language, the latter has no relation with reality, its words returning to other words in the endless circle of the dictionary. Only discourse, we shall say, intends things, applies itself to reality, expresses the world.” (Ricoeur, 1981a, p. 140) “The most fundamental hermeneutical problem … is to explicate the type of being-in-the world (life-world) unfolded in front of the text.” (Ricoeur, 1981a, p.141)
Narrative as universal device meta- Code in Human Meaning-making Process 1. Meaning of narrative: a. In Oxford English Dictionary, narrative as a noun means O An account of a series ofevents, facts, etc, given in order and with the establishing of connections between them; a narration, a story. e The practice or art of narrative; narrated material b. Lawrence Stone defines narrative as"the organization of material in a chronologically sequential order and the focusing of the content into a single coherent story, albeit with sub-plots."(Stone, 1979, P3
12 Narrative as Universal Device & MetaCode in Human Meaning-making Process 1. Meaning of narrative: a. In Oxford English Dictionary, narrative as a noun means An account of a series of events, facts, etc., given in order and with the establishing of connections between them; a narration, a story. The practice or art of narrative; narrated material. b. Lawrence Stone defines narrative as "the organization of material in a chronologically sequential order and the focusing of the content into a single coherent story, albeit with sub-plots." (Stone, 1979, p.3
Narrative as universal device meta Code in Human Meaning-making Process 1. Meaning narrative c. Barbara Czarniawska's conception:A narrative, in its basic form, requires at least three elements: an original state ofaffairs, an action or an event, and the consequent state ofaffairs. "In order to have these three elements become a narrative, they require a plot, that is, some way to bring them into a meaningful whole. The easiest way to do this is by introducing chronology(and then ) which in the mind of the reader easily turns into causality(as a result of, in spite of. Czarniawska, 1998, P. 2)
13 Narrative as Universal Device & MetaCode in Human Meaning-making Process 1. Meaning of narrative:… c. Barbara Czarniawska's conception: "A narrative, in its basic form, requires at least three elements: an original state of affairs, an action or an event, and the consequent state of affairs." In order to have these three elements " become a narrative, they require a plot, that is, some way to bring them into a meaningful whole. The easiest way to do this is by introducing chronology (and then …), which in the mind of the reader easily turns into causality (as a result of, in spite of). (Czarniawska, 1998, p. 2)
Narrative as universal device meta Code in Human Meaning-making Process 2. The universality of narrative a.Man is in his actions and practice. essentially a story- telling animal. MacIntyre, 2007, P. 216 Alasdair Maclntyre contends that we understand"human action as enacted narratives.. we render the actions of others intelligible in this way because action itself has a basically historical character. It is because we all live out narrative in our lives and because we understand our own lives in terms of the narratives that we live out that the form of narrative is appropriate for understanding the actions of others. Stories are live before they are told. Macintyre 2007,p.2I1-212)
14 Narrative as Universal Device & MetaCode in Human Meaning-making Process 2. The universality of narrative a. “Man is in his actions and practice …essentially a storytelling animal.” (MacIntyre, 2007, p. 216) Alasdair MacIntyre contends that we understand “human action as enacted narratives. …We render the actions of others intelligible in this way because action itself has a basically historical character. It is because we all live out narrative in our lives and because we understand our own lives in terms of the narratives that we live out that the form of narrative is appropriate for understanding the actions of others. Stories are live before they are told.” (MacIntyre, 2007, p. 211-212)
Alasdair MacIntyre AFTER VIRTUE Third Edition