Collagenic op o plsgue wA wall d-ichcor Endosteum Arterial wall hypertrophy and sclerosis
Arterial wall hypertrophy and sclerosis
B Classification of Antihypertensive Drugs u Diuretics 0 Calcium channel blockers u Regin-angiotensin system inhibitors o Sympathetic inhibitors u Vasodilators
Diuretics Calcium channel blockers Regin-angiotensin system inhibitors Sympathetic inhibitors Vasodilators B. Classification of Antihypertensive Drugs
Classification of Antihypertensive Drugs by Their Primary Site or Mechanism of Action Diuretics( Chapter 29) 1. Thiazides and related agents(hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, etc 2. Loop diuretics(furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide, ethacrynic d 3.K+-sparing diuretics(amiloride, triamterene, spironolactone Sympatholytic Drugs(Chapters 9, 10, 34) 1. Centrally acting agents(methyldopa, clonidine, guanabenz, guanfacine) Noradrenergic 2. Adrenergic neuron blocking agents(guanadrel, reserpine) 3. B-Adrenergic antagonists(propranolol, metoprolol,etc nerve ending 4. a-Adrenergic antagonists(prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin blockers phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine) 5. Mixed adrenergic antagonists (labetalol, carvedilol Vasodilators( Chapter 34) 1. Arterial(hydralazine, minoxidil, diazoxide, fenoldopam 2. Arterial and venous(nitroprusside) Ca2t-Channel Blockers(Chapters 32, 34, 35)(verapamil, diltiazem nifedipine nimodipine, felodipine, nicardipine, isradipine, amlodipine) Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors( Chapters 31, 32)(captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, quinapril, ramipril, benazepril, fosinopril moexipril, perindopril, trandolapril Angiotensin I1-Receptor Antagonists( Chapters 31, 34)(losartan, candesartan, irbesartan, valsartan, telmisartan, eprosartan)
Noradrenergic nerve ending blockers
C. Antihypertensive Drugs Diuretics 1. Pharmacologicaleffects ()Reducing plasma volume (cardiac output l) (2) Reducing Na*-Ca2* exchange in vascular smooth muscle cells(Ca2+i L, peripheral resistance l)
Diuretics 1. Pharmacological effects (1) Reducing plasma volume (cardiac output ) (2) Reducing Na+ -Ca2+ exchange in vascular smooth muscle cells (Ca2+ i , peripheral resistance ) C. Antihypertensive Drugs
Thiazide diuretics Sodium water retention Nat- Ca2+ exchange 个 Cai 2+ Blood in vascular volume smooth muscle cels Peripheral Cardiac resistance output Decrease in blood pressure
Na+ -Ca2+ exchange , Ca2+ i in vascular smooth muscle cells