A COURSEIN PHONETICS Peter Ladefoged Keith Johnson SIXTH EDITION
THE INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET (revised to 2005) CONSONANTS (PULMONIC) 2005 IPA Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Post alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal Plosive p b t d d 2 Nasal m 四 n N Trill B r R Tap or Flap r Fricative φB f v θǚsz ∫3 Z S j x Y X B h h f Lateral fricative 15 Approximant Lateral 1 L approximant Where symbols appear in pairs,the one to the right represents a voiced consonant.Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible. CONSONANTS (NON-PULMONIC) Clicks Voiced implosives Ejectives ⊙ Bilabial 6 Bilabial Examples: Dental d Dental/alveolar P'Bilabial (Post)alveolar 于 Palatal r Dental/alveolar Palato alveolar g Velar k' Velar Alveolar lateral G Uvular Alveolar fricative VOWELS Front Central Back Close i世 Wu IY U Close-mid e0- 90—￥0 Open-mid exoe 3GΛ e E Open a Where symbols appear in pairs,the one to the right represents a rounded vowel. (Continued on inside back cover)
THE INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET (revised to 2005) CONSONANTS (PULMONIC) © 2005 IPA Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Post alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal Plosive p b t d † ∂ c Ô k g q G / Nasal m M n = ≠ N – Trill ı r R Tap or Flap | « Fricative F B f v T D s z S Z ß Ω C J x V X ‰ © ? h H Lateral fricative Ò L Approximant √ ® ’ j  Lateral approximant l ¥ ˚ Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible. CONSONANTS (NON-PULMONIC) Clicks Voiced implosives Ejectives > Bilabial ∫ Bilabial ' Examples: ñ Dental Î Dental/alveolar p' Bilabial < (Post) alveolar ˙ Palatal t' Dental/alveolar ¯ Palato alveolar ƒ Velar k' Velar Ñ Alveolar lateral Ï Uvular s' Alveolar fricative (Continued on inside back cover) 31269_00_IFC_PP.indd Sec1:2 11/20/09 7:36:58 PM Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part
A Course in Phonetics
A Course in Phonetics 31269_00_FM_ppi-xiv pp2.indd i 11/20/09 9:23:41 PM Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part
31269_00_FM_ppi-xiv pp2.indd ii 11/20/09 9:23:42 PM Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part
A Course in Phonetics Sixth Edition PETER LADEFOGED Late,University of California,Los Angeles KEITH JOHNSON University of California,Berkeley WADSWORTH CENGAGE Learning Australia·Brazil·Japan·Korea·Mexico·Singapore·Spain·United Kingdom·United States
A Course in Phonetics Sixth Edition PETER LADEFOGED Late, University of California, Los Angeles KEITH JOHNSON University of California, Berkeley Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States 31269_00_FM_ppi-xiv pp2.indd iii 11/20/09 9:23:42 PM Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part