Chapter 5 InflationaandtthePPriee Level
Chapter 5 Inflation and the Price Level
▣统计范围 ▣全国居民消费价格指数（CPI)涵盖全国城乡居民生活消 费的食品烟酒、衣着、居住、生活用品及服务、交通和通 信、教育文化和娱乐、医疗保健、其他用品和服务等8大 类、262个基本分类的商品与服务价格。 口调查方法 口采用抽样调查方法抽选确定调查网点，按照“定人、定点、 定时”的原则，直接派人到调查网点采集原始价格。数据 来源于全国31个省（区、市）500个市县、8.3万余家 价格调查点，包括商场（店）、超市、农贸市场、服务网 点和互联网电商等
统计范围 全国居民消费价格指数（ CPI）涵盖全国城乡居民生活消 费的食品烟酒、衣着、居住、生活用品及服务、交通和通 信、教育文化和娱乐、医疗保健、其他用品和服务等 8大 类、 262个基本分类的商品与服务价格。 调查方法 采用抽样调查方法抽选确定调查网点，按照“定人、定点、 定时”的原则，直接派人到调查网点采集原始价格。数据 来源于全国 31个省（区、市） 500个市县、 8.3万余家 价格调查点，包括商场（店）、超市、农贸市场、服务网 点和互联网电商等
T The Sz47724 consumer price index (CPl) a pa for any period,a measure of the the c cost in that period of a standard cost basket,of goods and services relative to the cost of the same nates basket of goods and services in cal A a fixed year,called the base year three realit basic are ir the b
pick a base year and determine the basket of goods and services that were con- 场u心1lSq med by the typical family during that yearn practicelthe government learns how nsumers allocate their spending through a detailed survey,called the Consumer penditure Survey,in which randomly selected families record every purchase they ke and the price they paid over a given month.Let's call the basket of goods and ices that results the base-year basket.Then,each month BLS employees visit usands of stores and conduct numerous interviews to determine the current es of the goods and services in the base-year basket.1 The CPI in any given year is computed using this formula: CPI Cost of base-year basket of goods and services in current year Cost of base-year basket of goods and services in base year arning to the example of the typical family that consumes three goods,we car ulate the CPI in the year 2015 as numerato $850 CPI in year 2015 =1.25. $680 demende ther words,in this example,the cost of living in the year 2015 is 25 percer er than it was in 2010,the base year.Notice that the base-year CPI is alwa arthe numerator and the denominator of the C
THE CONSUMER PRICE I TABLE 5.2 Cost of Reproducing the 2010(Base-Year)Basket of Goods and Services in Year 2015 Item Cost (in 2015) Cost (in 2010) Rent,two-bedroom apartment $630 $500 Hamburgers (60 at $2.50 each) 150 120 Movie tickets(10 at $7.00 each) 70 60 Total expenditure $850 $680