认识儿童的心理行为发育 Stage 1:Before conditioning Flash bulb Anna blinks Camera Anna does not blink Pavlov经典的条 UCS UCR Neutral Interest-no blinking 件反射理论 (Unconditioned (Unconditioned stimulus stimulus) response) UCS automatically produces UCR.Neutral stimulus does not produce blinking (Pavloy's Classic Stage 2:Conditioning Stage 3:After conditioning conditioning) Flashbulb and camera Anna blinks Camera Anna blinks UCS paired UCR CS CR with neutra (Conditioned (Conditioned stimulus stimulus) response) UCS is paired with neutral stimulus Neutral stimulus(camera)is now the UCS produces UCR. conditioned stimulus.It produces a CR,blinking,which is like the UCR produced by the flashbulb. Figure 1-4 Three steps in classical conditioning
Pavlov经典的条 件反射理论 (Pavlov’s Classic conditioning) 一、认识儿童的心理行为发育
一、认识儿童的心理行为发育 sing reinforcement and o train an as these polar bears to ge In relatively complex iors,even things thev ld never do in their nat- environment.Such be- ots are taught step bv and do nof ramuire doing(Elizabeth Wei. Researchers. Terrel smiles Father picks Terrell keeps up Terrell smiling Skinner's heea hiogist tondifioning oringples ot operant .He maintained that the same prinples that goved the behaviofats AR (accidental DR(delberate response) R(reinforcement response) andisappieto human bings
Skinner’s Operant conditioning 一、认识儿童的心理行为发育
认识儿童的心理行为发育 ÷语言的准备（婴儿期） 单词句时期(12月起) 语言发育 双词句时期(18个月开始) ￥多词句和复合句时期(3岁左右开始) 父2~3岁是口头语言发展的关键时期 公理解先于表达 Preschool children's mastery of vocabulary,grammar,and syntax helps them communicate more clearly.In social speech, they use words,phrase and sentences to establish and maintain social contact,taking into account the other person's conversation more easily
❖ 语言的准备（婴儿期） ❖ 单词句时期（12月起） ❖ 双词句时期（18个月开始） ❖ 多词句和复合句时期（3岁左右开始） ❖ 2~3岁是口头语言发展的关键时期 ❖ 理解先于表达 一、认识儿童的心理行为发育 语言发育
一、认识儿童的心理行为发育 公1~3岁出现直觉行动思维 依靠动作进行思维，离开动作，思维停止 学龄前期一表象思维 对事物外部特征进行概括 自我中心色彩 思雅发育 ?学龄期具体具体形象思维 出现Piageti称之的体积、重量、数量守衡 公青少年期一抽象逻辑思维
❖1~3岁出现直觉行动思维 依靠动作进行思维，离开动作，思维停止 ❖学龄前期—表象思维 对事物外部特征进行概括 自我中心色彩 ❖学龄期具体具体形象思维 出现Piaget称之的体积、重量、数量守衡 ❖青少年期—抽象逻辑思维 思维发育 一、认识儿童的心理行为发育
二、心理行为发育评价 分类(1) >测验法 >晤谈法
❖分类（1） ➢测验法 ➢晤谈法 二、心理行为发育评价