1.safe Food Is 2.Delicious EOOD 3.Nutritious&Healthy 4.Physiological 5.Cultural IS a.Religious b.Ethnic C.Holidays d."Green" e.Comfort Hunters Gathers 》 7
1 1. Safe Food Is 2. Delicious 3. Nutritious & Healthy 4. Physiological 5. Cultural a. Religious b. Ethnic c. Holidays d. “Green” e. Comfort Hunters & Gathers
How did man evolve beyond other species? Very early food science HOW COOKING HOMINN CO0K流 MADE US HUMAN ·Fire 。Communication ·Cooking Fire RICHARD WRANGHAM
2 Nile River Red Sea Andaman Islands Meadowcroft 19,000-12,000 years ago Kennewick 9,500 years ago Spirit Cave 9,500-9,400 years ago Monte Verde 14,800 years ago Niah Cave 40,000 years ago Qafzeh 100,000 years ago Lake Mungo 45,000 years ago Malakunanja 50,000 years ago Omo Kibish Oldest modern human 195,000 years ago Pestera cu Oase 35,000 years ago Yana River 30,000 years ago Zhoukoudian (Shandingdong) 11,000 years ago Minatogawa 18,000 years ago Clovis 13,500 years ago Klasies River Mouth 120,000 years ago EQUATOR 40,000-30,000 years ago 20,000-15,000 years ago 50,000 years ago 15,000-12,000 years ago 200,000 years ago 70,000-50,000 years ago 40,000 years ago AUSTRALIA ASIA AFRICA EUROPE NORTH AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA 1 2 3 4 5 6 Migration date Generalized route Human Migration Fossil or artifact site 40,000 years ago SOURCES: SUSAN ANTON, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY; ALISON BROOKS, GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY; PETER FORSTER, UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE; JAMES F. O'CONNELL, UNIVERSITY OF UTAH; STEPHEN OPPENHEIMER, OXFORD UNIVERSITY; SPENCER WELLS, NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY; OFER BAR-YOSEF, HARVARD UNIVERSITY NGM MAPS © 2006 National Geographic Society. All rights reserved. How did man evolve beyond other species? • Fire • Communication • Cooking Very early food science
Life expectancy variation over time Era Life Expectancy at Birth 6 (years) 5 Upper Paleolithic 4 Neolithic 20 Bronze Age and Iron Age 3 Classical Greece 8 Classical Rome 2 Pre-Columbian North America 30 Medieval Islamic Caliphate 5+ Medieval Britain 3 Early Modem Britain -40 Early 19th Century 31 2010 world average 67.2 IDEALLY -Food Should Be: IDEALLy-Food Should Be Safe Wholesome Delicious that is Nutritious 图 Sensory appealing Nutritious
3 Era Life Expectancy at Birth (years) Upper Paleolithic 33 Neolithic 20 Bronze Age and Iron Age 26 Classical Greece 28 Classical Rome 28 Pre-Columbian North America 25–30 Medieval Islamic Caliphate 35+ Medieval Britain 30 Early Modern Britain 25–40 Early 19th Century 31 2010 world average 67.2 Life expectancy variation over time Your mother warned me youd start complaining about your food. IDEALLY — Food Should Be: ! Safe & Wholesome ! Delicious that is Sensory appealing ! Nutritious IDEALLY — Food Should Be: ! Nutritious
PHYSIOLOGICALLY- CHEMICALLy -Foods Are: Food Is: Major Components .Water Energy 。Carbohydrate ■Body mass .Fat atoms. 。Protein essential molecules Vitamins,minerals Minor Components antioxidants ongy Metabolism Food energy is measured as Food-What,Where Why Calories (USA)or Joules .Food can be viewed from many The average daily Calorie intake in USA is perspectives 3,500/person .In which case,it is just a bunch of molecules that our body The average daily Calorie intake in China needs to stay alive is 2,500/person What if the average daily intake in China were to increase by 1,000?
4 CHEMICALLY —Foods Are: ! Major Components ! Water ! Carbohydrate ! Fat ! Protein ! Minor Components PHYSIOLOGICALLY — Food Is : ! Energy ! Body mass atoms, essential molecules ! Vitamins, minerals & antioxidants ! Metabolism Food —What, Where & Why ! Food can be viewed from many perspectives ! Most basic would be to just consider it — FUEL ! In which case, it is just a bunch of molecules that our body needs to stay alive ! So, a food chemist might just look at all the components Food energy is measured as Calories (USA) or Joules ! The average daily Calorie intake in USA is 3,500/person ! The average daily Calorie intake in China is 2,500/person ! What if the average daily intake in China were to increase by 1,000?
PHYSIOLOGICALLY- In China:All Foods are Medicines Food Is "MEDICINE" In China,when people get sick,the first thing they check is food.The first action "He who does not know food,how can taken by more than 90%is a change in he understand the diseases of man" their diet. Hippocrates, the father of medicine Their thought was to use (460-357BC) food to keep the body in“balance and free of disease. Before the 5th century AD Western medicine reached China?? The Concept of"Yin"and "Yang" Yin:阴，refers to the shady side of o The humoral theory which held that the mountain. the human body was affected by heat/cold or dryness/wetness The universe can (Western world concept) basically be 设tael。te snne divided to "yin" and "yang" o Buddhism helped in its adaption in Generally Speaking: China o BUT:China already had age old beliefs "Yang and Yin" Yang represent light,dry,warm 19 and masculine. 6
5 PHYSIOLOGICALLY — Food Is “MEDICINE” He who does not know food, how can he understand the diseases of man Hippocrates, the father of medicine (460-357 BC) In China, when people get sick, the first thing they check is food. The first action taken by more than 90% is a change in their diet. Their thought was to use food to keep the body in balance, and free of disease. In China: All Foods are Medicines 19 Before the 5th century AD Western medicine reached China?? " The humoral theory which held that the human body was affected by heat / cold or dryness / wetness (Western world concept) " Buddhism helped in its adaption in China " BUT: China already had age old beliefs “Yang and Yin” 19 Yin: , refers to the shady side of the mountain. Yang: , refers to the sunny side of the mountain. Generally Speaking: Yin represent dark, wet, cool and feminine, Yang represent light, dry, warm and masculine. The universe can basically be divided to “yin” and “yang” The Concept of “Yin” and “Yang”