Biochemistry‖l -Metabolism: The degradation and synthesis of biomolecules
Biochemistry II --Metabolism: The degradation and synthesis of biomolecules
Chapter 19 An Overview of metabolism
Chapter 19 An Overview of Metabolism
代谢的定义 生物代谢是指生物活体与外界环境不断进行的物 质(包括气体、液体和固体)交换过程。 ·合成代谢一般是指将简单的小分子物质转变成复 杂的大分子物质的过程。分解代谢则是将复杂的 大分子物质转变成小分子物质的过程。 糖、脂和蛋白质的合成代谢途径各不相同,但是 它们的分解代谢途径则有共同之处,即糖、脂和 蛋白质经过一系列分解反应后都生成了酮酸并进 入三羧酸循环,最后被氧化成CO2和H2O
代谢的定义 • 生物代谢是指生物活体与外界环境不断进行的物 质（包括气体、液体和固体）交换过程。 • 合成代谢一般是指将简单的小分子物质转变成复 杂的大分子物质的过程。分解代谢则是将复杂的 大分子物质转变成小分子物质的过程。 • 糖、脂和蛋白质的合成代谢途径各不相同，但是 它们的分解代谢途径则有共同之处，即糖、脂和 蛋白质经过一系列分解反应后都生成了酮酸并进 入三羧酸循环，最后被氧化成CO2和H2O
新陈代谢的类型 合成代谢「由小分子合成大分子 同化作用)需要能量 新陈代谢 分解代谢将大分子分解成小分子 (异化作用)释放能量
◆ ◆新陈代谢的类型： 新陈代谢 合成代谢 （同化作用） 分解代谢 （异化作用） 由小分子合成大分子 需要能量 将大分子分解成小分子 释放能量
1. The roles of metabolism Metabolism is a highly coordinated and directed cell activity in which many multienzyme systems cooperate to accomplish four functions O to obtain chemical energy by capturing solar energy or by degrading energy-rich nutrients from the environment (2)to convert nutrient molecules into the cells own characteristic molecules, including macromolecular precursors, (3)to polymerize monomeric precursors into proteins nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides, and other cell components; (4) to synthesize and degrade biomolecules required in specialized cellular functions
1. The Roles of metabolism Metabolism is a highly coordinated and directed cell activity, in which many multienzyme systems cooperate to accomplish four functions: (l) to obtain chemical energy by capturing solar energy or by degrading energy-rich nutrients from the environment; (2) to convert nutrient molecules into the cell's own characteristic molecules, including macromolecular precursors; (3) to polymerize monomeric precursors into proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides, and other cell components; (4) to synthesize and degrade biomolecules required in specialized cellular functions