Two propositions related to knowledge creation.Knowledge is createdbytheinteraction of explicitandtacitknowledge·Knowledgeiscreatedbythechemical reaction (interaction)between empiricalknowledge(oftentacit)andinformation(explicitknowledge)fromoutside·Knowledgeis created bythe interactionof peoplewithdifferentknowledgeFriendlychatinarelaxedatmospherepromotesideageneration.Inthegoodolddays,tacitknowledgeofveteranswashandeddowntoyoungemployeesoutsidetheworkplace16
Two propositions related to knowledge creation • Knowledge is created by the interaction of explicit and tacit knowledge. • Knowledge is created by the chemical reaction (interaction) between empirical knowledge (often tacit) and information (explicit knowledge) from outside. • Knowledge is created by the interaction of people with different knowledge. • Friendly chat in a relaxed atmosphere promotes idea generation. 16 In the good old days, tacit knowledge of veterans was handed down to young employees outside the workplace
Top-down type organizational knowledge creation modelCollectiveknowledgeUnderstanding ofIdeal situationthe goal in a groupGroupGroupGoalTrytodoublethenexttacitObjectivesexplicitfiscal year of sales!knowledgeknowledgeClosureTacitExplicitOPECSpiralProcessknowledgeknowledge4LeaderProposaloftheExternalideas of goalinformationIndividualIndividualtacitexplicitExpansionknowledgeknowledgeGassonS(2004)Themanagementofdistributedorganizationalknowledge.InProceedingsof theUnderstanding of the37thHawaii International ConferenceonSystemsgoal in individualsIndividualknowledgeSciences,Track 8,January 5-8, Hawaii.17
Individual knowledge Top-down type organizational knowledge creation model 17 Gasson S (2004) The management of distributed organizational knowledge. In Proceedings of the 37th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences, Track 8, January 5-8, Hawaii. Group tacit knowledge Group explicit knowledge Individual tacit knowledge Individual explicit knowledge Closure Process Expansion Objectives 2 1 4 Understanding of the goal in individuals 3 Understanding of the goal in a group Ideal situation Goal Proposal of the ideas of goal External information Try to double the next fiscal year of sales! Leader Tacit knowledge Explicit knowledge Collective knowledge OPEC Spiral
Knowledge creation model for researchCollectiveknowledgeUnderstanding ofProposaltheresearchinaPresentationGroupGroupgrouptacitexplicitImmersionFirstknowledgeknowledgeroundDebateDebateSelectionSecondTacitExplicitEDISSpiralroundknowledgeknowledgeDevelopment2The idea of studyExternal(Researchplan)ThirdinformationIndividualIndividualroundtacitEnlightenmentexplicitDisseminationknowledgeknowledgeWierzbicki AP,NakamoriY(2006) Creative space:ResearchdirectionbasedontheModels of creative process for knowledgeexperienceandsuggestionsIndividualknowledgecivilization age. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg.18
Knowledge creation model for research 18 Group tacit knowledge Group explicit knowledge Individual tacit knowledge Individual explicit knowledge Debate Selection Enlightenment Immersion 4 3 2 Research direction based on the experience and suggestions 1 Understanding of the research in a group The idea of study (Research plan) Wierzbicki AP, Nakamori Y (2006) Creative space: Models of creative process for knowledge civilization age. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg. Debate Development Dissemination First round Second round Third round Proposal Presentation EDIS Spiral Individual knowledge Tacit knowledge Explicit knowledge Collective knowledge External information
Knowledge Conversion·Sourceoforganizationalknowledgecreationismutuallycomplementaryandcirculationactionoftacitknowledgeandexplicitknowledge.·As twotypes of knowledge is circulated dynamicallymore andmore,richknowledgeislikelytobecreatedintheorganizationmoreandmore.THEKNOWLEDGECREATINGCOMPANYNonakaI,TakeuchiH(1995)TheKnowledge-CreatingIKUJIRONONAKACompany:HowJapaneseCompaniesCreatetheHIROTAKA TAKEUCHIDynamicsofInnovation.OxfordUniversityPress19
Knowledge Conversion • Source of organizational knowledge creation is mutually complementary and circulation action of tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge. • As two types of knowledge is circulated dynamically more and more , rich knowledge is likely to be created in the organization more and more. 19 Nonaka I, Takeuchi H (1995) The Knowledge-Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation. Oxford University Press