Summary: Knowledge Management.Thebasicidea ofknowledgemanagementistoProjectsharetacitknowledgewithintheorganizationHanagemenbyconvertingitintoexplicitknowledge,inorderWorkRoreto evolvetheentireorganizationintellectuallyGroourKnowiedgebycreatingmoreadvancedknowledge.ManagementSystemalaAn importantchallengeistoDecivonwarenoseSuppertdesignan idealknowledgeDocunnnmanagement systemusinganagconentICT.11
Summary: Knowledge Management • The basic idea of knowledge management is to share tacit knowledge within the organization by converting it into explicit knowledge, in order to evolve the entire organization intellectually by creating more advanced knowledge. 11 An important challenge is to design an ideal knowledge management system using ICT
Question.Ifyouareinvolvedinbuildingknowledgemanagement systemsinthefuture,howdoyoudeal withtacitknowledge ineachtypeof systemdevelopment?GOOP1.Bestpracticessharedtype2.Helpdesktype3.Strategicplanningtype4.Customerknowledge-sharingtype12
Question • If you are involved in building knowledge management systems in the future, how do you deal with tacit knowledge in each type of system development? 12 1. Best practices shared type 2. Help desk type 3. Strategic planning type 4. Customer knowledge-sharing type
Knowledge creationmodels.OrganizationalknowledgecreationmodelsSECl(Socialization-Externalization-Combination-Internalization)spiralOPEC(Objectives-Process-Expansion-Closure)spiral.PersonalknowledgecreationmodelsEDiS(Enlightenment-Debate-Immersion-Selection)spiral(forSocialscience)EEiS(Enlightenment-Experiment-Interpretation-Selection)spiral(forNaturalscience)EAiR(Enlightenment-Analysis-Immersion-Reflection)spiral(forHumanities)13
Knowledge creation models • Organizational knowledge creation models • SECI (Socialization – Externalization – Combination – Internalization) spiral • OPEC (Objectives – Process – Expansion – Closure) spiral • Personal knowledge creation models • EDIS (Enlightenment – Debate – Immersion – Selection) spiral (for Social science) • EEIS (Enlightenment – Experiment – Interpretation – Selection) spiral (for Natural science) • EAIR (Enlightenment – Analysis – Immersion – Reflection) spiral (for Humanities) 13
An organizational knowledge creation modelSECISpiralExternalizationMetaphor,analogy,GroupGroupconcept,2assumption,tacitexplicitManagementtechniquesormodelsknowledgeknowledge(KnowledgeCreation)Inter-subjectiveunderstandingFeaturesof carsthataresoldwellOCICombinationInformationtechnologies(KnowledgeRepresentation)SocializationMachineminimum.Manmaximum.Epistemological1dimensionIntegratedideaSystemsthinking(KnowledgeSynthesis)IndividualIndividualA small but tall car (by Honda).tacitexplicitknowledgeknowledgePhilosophyepistemology(KnowledgeJustification)InternalizationLearning by doingSucha car has poor stability.14
An organizational knowledge creation model 14 Epistemological dimension Social dimension Group tacit knowledge Group explicit knowledge Individual tacit knowledge Individual explicit knowledge Externalization Internalization 1 2 3 Learning by doing 4 Inter-subjective understanding Metaphor, analogy, concept, assumption, or models Integrated idea Combination Socialization Management techniques (Knowledge Creation) Information technologies (Knowledge Representation) Systems thinking (Knowledge Synthesis) Philosophy, epistemology (Knowledge Justification) SECI Spiral Features of cars that are sold well. Machine minimum. Man maximum. A small but tall car (by Honda). Such a car has poor stability
Two dimensions in the SECl spiral·EpistemologicaldimensionDefinition usedinbusinessadministrationTacitknowledgethat is difficulttoexpress withwords:Explicitknowledgethatispossibletoexpresswithwords·Socialdimension(Ontologicaldimension).Personalknowledgethatisownedbytheindividual.Collectiveknowledge:Collectiveknowledge thatis shared ina group.Social DimensionTacitExplicitknowledgeknowledgeEpistemologicaldimensionIndividualknowledge15
Two dimensions in the SECI spiral • Epistemological dimension • Tacit knowledge that is difficult to express with words • Explicit knowledge that is possible to express with words • Social dimension (Ontological dimension) • Personal knowledge that is owned by the individual. • Collective knowledge that is shared in a group. 15 Definition used in business administration Epistemological dimension Social Dimension Individual knowledge Tacit knowledge Explicit knowledge Collective knowledge