·2·Chapter1 HUMAN ANATOMY人体解剖学 angiology Caend3i'lod3i 脉管学 sense organs (sens]C'o:gonz 感觉器 nervous system C'na:vas]['sistim 神经系统 endocrine glands ['endaukrain]Cglaendz 内分泌腺 anatomical terms〔en'tomikol〔tomz 解剖学术语 anatomical position [aena'tomikol [pa'zifn 解剖学姿势 terms of direction Cta:mz)[di'rekfan 方位术语 superior Cisju'piari] 上 cranial [kreinjal 颅侧 inferior〔in'fiarie 下 caudal〔'ko:dl 尾侧 anterior〔enl'tioria ventral C'ventral) 腹侧 posterior [pos'tioria 后 dorsal ['do:sal) 背侧 medial ['mi:djal] 内侧 lateral〔'laetaral 外侧 intermediate Cinta'mi:djat 中间 median〔'mi:djanJ 正中 internal〔in'ta:nl 内 external Ceks'tanl middle C'midl 中 superficial Cisju:pafif profound,deep〔pro'faund〔dip) 深 proximal (proksimal] 近 distal ['distl unilateral Ciju:ni'laetar 一侧 bilateral Cbai'laetaro 双侧 contralateral [kontra'laetarol] 对侧 homolateral,ipsilateral Chauma'laetaral Cipsi'laetorl] 同侧 central C'sentral) 中央的，中枢的 peripheral Cpa'rifaral] 周围的
L.NTRODUCTION OF ANATOMY解剖学绪论 ，3 axis〔'eksis].([复]axes〔'ksiz) 梦 sagittal axis ['saed3itl[aeksis] 矢状轴 coronal axis〔'koranl〔'eksis] 冠状轴 vertical axis ['va:tikal)['aeksis] 垂直轴 planes〔pleinz. 面 horizontal plane [hori'zontD [plein 水平面 sagittal plane C'saedsitl Cplein] 矢状面 coronal plane ['koronl Cplein] 冠状面 dissection [di'sekfan 解剖 normal C'no:mal) 正常的 variation [iveari'eijan] 变异 cadaver [ka'deiva] 尸体 specimen ['spesimin] 标本 model ['modl] 模型 scalpel〔'skaelpal 解剖刀 scissors〔'sizaz) 剪刀 forceps'fb.seps】 镊子 vascular forceps Cvaeskjul][fseps] 血管钳
II.LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM 运动系统 1.Osteology骨学 (1)Introduction总论 locomotor system louka'muta】〔'sistim] 运动系统 osteology [osti'olad3i 骨学 bone〔baun] 骨 skeleton C'skelitn 骨骼 axial skeleton ['aksial ('skelitn 中轴骨骼 skull Cskal] 颅骨 bones of trunk [baunz][trank] 躯千骨 appendicular skeleton Caepan'dikjula]'skelitn] 附肢骨骼 bones of upper limb Cbaunz)C'Apa]Clim] 上肢骨 bones of lower limb (bounz)('laua)Clim] 下肢骨 cartilage [ka:tilid3) 软骨 shape classification of bones feip][klaesifi'keifon [baunz] 骨的形态分类 long bone Clon CbaunJ 长骨 diaphysis,shaft (daiefisisfa:ft 骨干 medullary cavity [me'dAlari(keviti 髓腔 nutrient foramen ('njutriant [fa'reimen) 滋养孔 extremity Ciks'tremiti) 骨端 epiphysis Ci'pifisis] 骺 articular surface〔ar'tikjula】〔sa:fis) 关节面 metaphysis [mi'tefisis] 干骺端 epiphysial cartilage Cepi'fizial)['ka:tilid3] 骺软骨 epiphysial line〔iepi'fiziaD〔lainJ 骺线 4·
Il. LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM 运动系统 1. Osteology 骨学 (1) Introduction 总论 locomotor system C11::iuka1m�utaJ ( 1 sistimJ osteology沁st归1忒忒 bone CbaunJ skeleton C I skelitnJ axial skeleton ( 1年ksialJ C I skeli tnJ skull Cs虹lJ bones of trunk CbaunzJ C trAJJkJ appendicular skeleton C1repan1dikjulaJ ( 1 skelitnJ bones of upper limb (baunz]霆pa) Clim) bones of lower limb Cbaunz) ( 1 1::iua) Clim) cartilage C 1ka:tilid3) 运动系统 骨学 骨 骨骼 中轴骨骼 颅骨 躯干骨 附肢骨骼 上肢骨 下肢骨 软骨 shape classification of hones Ueip) C1kl在sifi1keiJan) Cbaunz) long bone Cb:uJ Cbaun) diaphysis, shaft Cdai1refisisJ Ua:ftJ medullary cavity Cme1也lariJ ( 1虹vitiJ nutrient foramen C 1nju:triantJ (fa1 reimenJ extremity Ciks 1 tremitiJ epiphysis Ci1pifisisJ articular surface (a: 1 tikjul;:iJ ( 1 s;:i:fisJ metaphysis Cmi1u过isisJ epiphysial cartilage C1epi1 fizialJ Cka:til志］ epiphysial line C 1epi 1 £izia1J ClainJ • 4 . 骨的形态分类 长骨 骨干 髓腔 滋养孔 骨端 衙 关节面 干衙端 衙软骨 衙线
I.LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM运动系统 5. short bone [fo:t][baun 短骨 flat bone〔flaet]〔baun 扁骨 irregular bone i'regjula [baun] 不规则骨 pneumatic bone [nju:maetik [baun] 含气骨 sesamoid bone ['sesomoid][boun] 籽骨 structures of bones ['strAktJaz)[baunz] 骨的构造 bony substance [bauni]C'sAbstans] 骨质 compact bone [kom'paekt][baun] 骨密质 spongy bone,cancellous bone ['spAnd3i [boun]C'kaensalas] 骨松质 trabecula〔tro'bekjula)(〔复]trabeculae〔tra'bekjuli:))骨小梁 diploe [diplawi 板障 outer plate C'auta)[pleit] 外板 inner plate Cina]Cpleit 内板 periosteum [iperiostiam] 骨膜（骨外膜） endosteum Cen'dostiam] 骨内膜 bone marrow [baun]C'maerau) 骨髓 red bone marrow〔redD〔baun]'maerau) 红骨髓 yellow bone marrow ['jeleu](baun]['maerau) 黄骨髓 general features of bones [d3enarl Cfi:tfaz [baunz 骨的一般形态特征 process〔'prauses) 突 spine〔spain] eminence〔'eminans) 隆起 protuberance [pra'tju:berans] 隆凸 tuberosity [itju:ba'rositi 粗隆 tubercle ['tju:bakD 结节 crest Ckrest 喽 line [lain fossa C'fosa] sulcus,groove ['sAlkas][gru:v] impression [im'prefan 压迹
·6·Chapter1 HUMAN ANATOMY人体解剖学 cavity〔'kaviti 腔 sinus ['sainas] 好 antrum C'aentram) cellula ['seljula 小房 fissure [fifa) 和 hiatus Chaieitas 裂孔 canal Cka'nael 都 meatus〔nieitas] aperture,orifice [epatju]['orifis] 口 foramen [fe'reimen](〔复]foramina〔fa'raemina) 孔 condyle ['kondil) 髁 epicondyle Cepi'kondail,-dil 上鳏 head,caput Ched)['kaepot] 头 capitulum (ka'pitjulam) 小头 neck (nek] 颈 margin,border ['mad3in]['bo:da) 缘 notch [not! 切迹 surface'sofis】 面 facet [faesit) 小平面 (2)Bones of Trunk躯干骨 bones of trunk [baunz)(trank 躯干骨 vertebra'va:tibro(〔复〕vertebrae C'va:tibri) 椎骨 vertebral body ['va:tibral]['bodi 椎体 vertebral arch ('vartibral][a:tp 椎弓 vertebral foramen (vo:tibral][fa'reimen] 椎孔 pedicle of vertebral arch C'pedikl'va:tibral Ca:t 椎弓根 superior vertebral notch〔sju'pioria]〔'va:tibral]〔notp椎上切迹 inferior vertebral notch〔Cin'fiaria)〔'va:tibral)〔not椎下切迹 intervertebral foramen Cinta'va:tibr freimen 椎间孔 lamina of vertebral arch ['laemina]['va:tibral)Ca:t! 椎弓板 vertebral canal ['va:tibral]Cka'ngel] 椎管 spinous process [spainas][prauses) 棘突