按作用结果分类 国际癌症研究中心(IARC) ◼ Group 1:Human Carcinogen:Sufficient evidence in humans (clear casual relationship between exposure and cancer). Examples:aflatoxin,benzene ◼ Group 2: (two classifications): Group 2A: Probable Human Carcinogen :limited evidence in humans . Examples:PCBs, second-hand smoke(passive smoke) Group 2B: Possible Human Carcinogen :no evidence in humans but sufficient evidence in animals 化学致癌物分类
按作用结果分类 国际癌症研究中心(IARC) ◼ Group 1:Human Carcinogen:Sufficient evidence in humans (clear casual relationship between exposure and cancer). Examples:aflatoxin,benzene ◼ Group 2: (two classifications): Group 2A: Probable Human Carcinogen :limited evidence in humans . Examples:PCBs, second-hand smoke(passive smoke) Group 2B: Possible Human Carcinogen :no evidence in humans but sufficient evidence in animals 化学致癌物分类
◼ Group 3: Not Classifiable as a Carcinogen: limited evidence in animals in the absence of human data. Examples:styrene,urethane. ◼ Group 4:Not a Human Carcinogen:negative evidence for carcinogenicity in at least 2 species. Human evidence is usually derived from occupational or accidental exposure. Example: asbestos(miners). 化学致癌物按作用结果分类(IARC分类)
◼ Group 3: Not Classifiable as a Carcinogen: limited evidence in animals in the absence of human data. Examples:styrene,urethane. ◼ Group 4:Not a Human Carcinogen:negative evidence for carcinogenicity in at least 2 species. Human evidence is usually derived from occupational or accidental exposure. Example: asbestos(miners). 化学致癌物按作用结果分类(IARC分类)
分类 1987 1994 1997 2000 2004 前后增加 Group 1 50 63 74 78 95 45 Group 2 Group 2A 37 50 56 63 66 29 Group 2B 159 209 225 235 241 82 Group 3 381 452 480 483 497 116 Group 4 1 1 1 1 1 0 小计 628 775 836 861 901 272 IARC评价的各类致癌因素的数量变化 化学致癌物按作用结果分类
分类 1987 1994 1997 2000 2004 前后增加 Group 1 50 63 74 78 95 45 Group 2 Group 2A 37 50 56 63 66 29 Group 2B 159 209 225 235 241 82 Group 3 381 452 480 483 497 116 Group 4 1 1 1 1 1 0 小计 628 775 836 861 901 272 IARC评价的各类致癌因素的数量变化 化学致癌物按作用结果分类
按作用机制分类 遗传毒性致癌物(genotoxic carcinogens )指进 入细胞后与DNA共价结合,引起机体遗传物质 改变,导致癌变发生的化学物质。大多数化学致 癌物 直接致癌物(direct carcinogens) 间接致癌物(indirect carcinogens) 化学致癌物分类
按作用机制分类 遗传毒性致癌物(genotoxic carcinogens )指进 入细胞后与DNA共价结合,引起机体遗传物质 改变,导致癌变发生的化学物质。大多数化学致 癌物 直接致癌物(direct carcinogens) 间接致癌物(indirect carcinogens) 化学致癌物分类
遗传毒性致癌物 ➢直接致癌物(direct carcinogen) 这类化合物进 入机体后,不需体内代谢活化而直接与细胞生物大 分子(DNA,RNA,蛋白质)作用而诱导细胞癌 变。 各种致癌性烷化剂和金属致癌物 化学致癌物按作用机制分类
遗传毒性致癌物 ➢直接致癌物(direct carcinogen) 这类化合物进 入机体后,不需体内代谢活化而直接与细胞生物大 分子(DNA,RNA,蛋白质)作用而诱导细胞癌 变。 各种致癌性烷化剂和金属致癌物 化学致癌物按作用机制分类