Organic Chemistry,5th Edition L.G.Wade,Jr. Chapter 25 Lipids Jo Blackburn Richland College,Dallas,TX Dallas County Community College District ©2003，Prentice Hall
Chapter 25 Lipids Jo Blackburn Richland College, Dallas, TX Dallas County Community College District © 2003, Prentice Hall Organic Chemistry, 5th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr
Introduction Classified by solubility,not structure. Can be extracted from cells by nonpolar organic solvents. Complex lipids are easily hydrolyzed. >Waxes >Triglycerides Simple lipids are not easily hydrolyzed. >Steroids >Prostaglandins >Terpenes Chapter 25 => 2
Chapter 25 2 Introduction • Classified by solubility, not structure. • Can be extracted from cells by nonpolar organic solvents. • Complex lipids are easily hydrolyzed. ➢Waxes ➢Triglycerides • Simple lipids are not easily hydrolyzed. ➢Steroids ➢Prostaglandins ➢Terpenes =>
Examples of Lipids Examples of complex lipids Examples of simple lipids u-oCH)nct CH-O-C-(CH2)16CH3 -0-C(CHioCH HO tristearin,a fat cholesterol,a steroid ae-o&anm spermaceti(cetyl palmitate),a wax a-pinene,a terpene => Chapter 25
Chapter 25 3 Examples of Lipids =>
Waxes Esters of long-chain fatty acids with long-chain alcohols. Spermaceti is found in the head of the sperm whale and is probably used to control buoyancy. Most natural waxes are protective coats for plants'leaves,insects'exoskeleton, mammals'fur,and birds'feathers. => Chapter 25
Chapter 25 4 Waxes • Esters of long-chain fatty acids with long-chain alcohols. • Spermaceti is found in the head of the sperm whale and is probably used to control buoyancy. • Most natural waxes are protective coats for plants’ leaves, insects’ exoskeleton, mammals’ fur, and birds’ feathers. =>
Triglycerides Fatty acid esters of glycerol. ·Fats >Solid at room temperature >Most are derived from mammals 。Oils >Liquid at room temperature >Most are derived from plants or cold- blooded animals. => Chapter 25 5
Chapter 25 5 Triglycerides • Fatty acid esters of glycerol. • Fats ➢Solid at room temperature ➢Most are derived from mammals • Oils ➢Liquid at room temperature ➢Most are derived from plants or coldblooded animals. =>