四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 Surprisingly在此处相当于It' s surprising that.表示“令人奇怪的是”,类似 surprisingly 这样的表达,即形容整个句子的副词有( un )fortunately, apparently, obviously等等 5. depending on (paragraph 6, I ine 4) depending on'依赖,视……而定“,亦作 depend upon Whether the game will be played depends on the weather 球赛是否进行要看天气而定 6. or somewhere in between ( Paragraph 6, I ine 4) 意思为“或者处于两者之间”, in between表示“处于(某种位置、状态、空间)之 间,如 i dont care if she is black. while or in between 我不介意她是黑是白,还是处于两者之间 F,止佳的背 I No matter how the message is sent. it must arrive in a form that can be understood, retained, and later recalled by the brain. 2. Phychologists know a great deal about the former kind of memory, but the know very little about the latter kind 3. A series of numbers is flashed on the screen, and the subjects are asked to identify a specific number to the right of the another number in the series. 4. The same event is organized and stored quite differently, depending on whether a person is calm, in panic, or somewhere in between. Depressed persons can recall unpleasant memories quickly because these memories are more meaningful to them; that is, the memories are more directly associated with peoples unpleasant experiences. 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第6页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 6 页 2005 年 Surprisingly在此处相当于It’s surprising that…表示“令人奇怪的是”，类似surprisingly 这样的表达，即形容整个句子的副词有（un)fortunately,apparently,obviously等等。 5. depending on (paragraph 6, line 4) depending on”依赖，视…….而定“，亦作depend upon. • Whether the game will be played depends on the weather. 球赛是否进行要看天气而定。 6. …or somewhere in between.(Paragraph 6, line 4) 意思为“或者处于两者之间”，in between表示“处于（某种位置、状态、空间）之 间，如： • I don’t care if she is black, while or in between. 我不介意她是黑是白，还是处于两者之间。 F.课文佳句背诵 1. No matter how the message is sent, it must arrive in a form that can be understood, retained, and later recalled by the brain. 2. Phychologists know a great deal about the former kind of memory, but the know very little about the latter kind. 3. A series of numbers is flashed on the screen, and the subjects are asked to identify a specific number to the right of the another number in the series. 4. The same event is organized and stored quite differently, depending on whether a person is calm, in panic, or somewhere in between. 5. Depressed persons can recall unpleasant memories quickly because these memories are more meaningful to them; that is, the memories are more directly associated with people’s unpleasant experiences
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 G.文近 记忆是怎样起作用的 在人类所有记忆中,信息是从一个人的记忆传给另一个人的记忆 的。不管信息如何传递,都是以大脑能理解、保存,然后回的形式在进 行的。这三种记忆过程是怎样起作的呢?回答这个问题之前,我们需要 考虑到有两种记忆:即短期记忆和长期记忆这一事实。心理学家对前一 种记忆了解颇多而对后一种了解却甚少。 在人的短期记忆中只能保留5-7条信息。然而,除非你反复地背这 此信息,否则不到一分钟就会把它忘掉。这种短期记忆只是用来记忆别 人刚才告诉你的一个名字或电话号码。短期记忆在思考和理解中起着重 要作用。 很多心理学家都做过一个测试短记忆容量的标准的实验。受试者被 要求确认在这一系列数字中的某个数字右侧的另一个具体嶽字。心理学 家发现数字系列在屏幕闪过后立即问受试者问题时他们就能回答得很 好。这一组飙字作为“记忆影像”很容易被记性。如果提问时间鄂怕拖 延宇秽钟,记忆影像就会逐澌消失,其精确度也会大大降低。当任何阻 碍受试者搜寻一个特定数字的干扰发生时,他们灺会很快忘掉这组飙字 系列。 在另一个测试短期记忆的有趣实验中,心理学家叫志愿者记住一张 简单的数字表,例如2,478。受试者被要求迅速判断出表上是否有某一 具体齦字(如7),科学家发现受试都能够每秽搜寻到25-30个已记的 数字。这个测试也表明了当人们在脑海里搜寻记任的数列时,他们会因 认出了一个相应数字就停止而是继续把整个数列搜寻完毕。 令人奇怪的是,人们需要在脑海里搜索整个已记任的飙列;很难理 解的是为什么人们在他们找到了一个相应的字后还会继续搜寻。科学 家解释说:“一种可能的解答是搜寻整个数列实际上可能比在中途停下 来的搜寻速度还要快。”事实上,心理学家利用另一种方法要求受试者 在找到测试数字后停止搜寻时,他们的搜寻速度便慢多了。科学家们对 弄清短期心忆是如何变成长期记忆这一问题很感兴趣。他们知道这个过 程受到年龄、遗传基因、激素和环境的影响。他们也知道,大脑储存信 息的方式会因时间的不同而不同,同一事件的组织及储存方式也不同, 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第7页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 7 页 2005 年 G.课文参考译文 记忆是怎样起作用的 在人类所有记忆中，信息是从一个人的记忆传给另一个人的记忆 的。不管信息如何传递，都是以大脑能理解、保存，然后回的形式在进 行的。这三种记忆过程是怎样起作的呢？回答这个问题之前，我们需要 考虑到有两种记忆：即短期记忆和长期记忆这一事实。心理学家对前一 种记忆了解颇多而对后一种了解却甚少。 在人的短期记忆中只能保留5-7条信息。然而，除非你反复地背这 此信息，否则不到一分钟就会把它忘掉。这种短期记忆只是用来记忆别 人刚才告诉你的一个名字或电话号码。短期记忆在思考和理解中起着重 要作用。 很多心理学家都做过一个测试短记忆容量的标准的实验。受试者被 要求确认在这一系列数字中的某个数字右侧的另一个具体数字。心理学 家发现数字系列在屏幕闪过后立即问受试者问题时他们就能回答得很 好。这一组数字作为“记忆影像”很容易被记住。如果提问时间哪怕拖 延半秒钟，记忆影像就会逐渐消失，其精确度也会大大降低。当任何阻 碍受试者搜寻一个特定数字的干扰发生时，他们也会很快忘掉这组数字 系列。 在另一个测试短期记忆的有趣实验中，心理学家叫志愿者记住一张 简单的数字表，例如2,4,7,8。受试者被要求迅速判断出表上是否有某一 具体数字（如7），科学家发现受试都能够每秒搜寻到25-30个已记住的 数字。这个测试也表明了当人们在脑海里搜寻记住的数列时，他们会因 认出了一个相应数字就停止而是继续把整个数列搜寻完毕。 令人奇怪的是，人们需要在脑海里搜索整个已记住的数列；很难理 解的是为什么人们在他们找到了一个相应的数字后还会继续搜寻。科学 家解释说：“一种可能的解答是搜寻整个数列实际上可能比在中途停下 来的搜寻速度还要快。”事实上，心理学家利用另一种方法要求受试者 在找到测试数字后停止搜寻时，他们的搜寻速度便慢多了。科学家们对 弄清短期心忆是如何变成长期记忆这一问题很感兴趣。他们知道这个过 程受到年龄、遗传基因、激素和环境的影响。他们也知道，大脑储存信 息的方式会因时间的不同而不同，同一事件的组织及储存方式也不同
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 这要视一个人是镇静、惊慌或者是处于两者之间而定。心情郁积的人能 很快地想起不愉快的往事。这种记忆对他们来说更有意义,也就是说 这种记忆与他们不愉快的经历有着更直接的联系。记忆影像如何储存, 然后又被回忆起来,这个过程仍是一个未能解答的问题。 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第8页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 8 页 2005 年 这要视一个人是镇静、惊慌或者是处于两者之间而定。心情郁积的人能 很快地想起不愉快的往事。这种记忆对他们来说更有意义，也就是说， 这种记忆与他们不愉快的经历有着更直接的联系。记忆影像如何储存， 然后又被回忆起来，这个过程仍是一个未能解答的问题
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 外补克练习 I. Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words give in the brackets 1. He is completely in his work. (absorb) 2. He has such a memory that he can remember the things in the past quite clearly 3. Can you George cooking the dinner (imagination) 4. A wise man knows his own (limit) 5. It breaks his mother's heart that he has been in with the underground society(associate) 6. The singing group is under the of Mr. White (directly) 7. Surprisingly, her voice is even to her twins(identify) Now that we' ve generally agreed, lets get down to and make a plan (specifIc) 9. We raised our of the enemys port when peace was established. (block) 10. The naughty boy is again fo cheese. ( 11. I beg you to stop that light in my eyes. ( flash) D. Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence 1. Sally, as well as her two brothers interested in painting a. has Does business with that fellow is bound to lose money A. Whoever B who C. No matter who D. However 3. People tend to dislike A being laughed at B being laughed C at being laughed D to be laughed They have accomplished has never been accomplished ever before A. That B What CIt D Things 5. The primary school lays special maths A stress at B stress about C emphasis D emphasis in 6. The sound of the motorboat away in the distance A faded B fenced C fancied D fastened the engineer worked hard to make sure the machine would operate smoothly A. He was old B Old though he was C Old he was D. Although was old 8. Work hard you will succeed A B. yet C. but D. and Generally received the hospitable host, the guest went back ho A. After having been B Have been C Being D. After being 10.I don' t think you have heard of him before, A don t I B havent you C do 1? D. have you 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第9页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 9 页 2005 年 课外补充练习 I. Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words give in the brackets. 1. He is completely in his work. (absorb) 2. He has such a memory that he can remember the things in the past quite clearly. (capacity) 3. Can you George cooking the dinner. (imagination) 4. A wise man knows his own. (limit) 5. It breaks his mother’s heart that he has been in with the underground society. (associate) 6. The singing group is under the of Mr. White. (directly) 7. Surprisingly,her voice is even to her twin’s(identify) 8. Now that we’ve generally agreed, let’s get down to and make a plan.(specific) 9. We raised our of the enemy’s port when peace was established. (block) 10. The naughty boy is again pressing for cheese. (process) 11. I beg you to stop that light in my eyes. (flash) Ð.Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1. Sally,as well as her two brothers, interested in painting. A. has B.have C.is D.are 2. Does business with that fellow is bound to lose money. A. Whoever B.Who C.No matter who D.However 3. People tend to dislike . A.being laughed at B.being laughed C.at being laughed D.to be laughed 4. They have accomplished has never been accomplished ever before. A. That B.What C.It D.Things 5. The primary school lays special maths. A. stress at B.stress about C.emphasis D.emphasis in 6. The sound of the motorboat away in the distance. A.faded B.fenced C.fancied D.fastened 7 . ,the engineer worked hard to make sure the machine would operate smoothly. A. He was old B.Old though he was C.Old he was D.Although was old 8. Work hard, you will succeed. A. or B. yet C. but D. and 9. Generally received the hospitable host, the guest went back home with satisfaction. A. After having been B.Have been C.Being D.After being 10.I don’t think you have heard of him before, ? A. don’t I B.haven’t you C.do I? D.have you
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 11. I let my children make their own decisions they 're older, I wouldnt presume to interfere A. after B that C then D. now that 12. The museum and the library are situated at the top the hill they command a fine view A. there B where C in which D at which 13. Hardly were these words out of his mouth he regretted having said B and D where 14. I' m sorry to inform you that i have no choice o refuse your application A and B than C but D rath 15. The total amount of money we paid for the paint__1500 pound A comes B come to C reaches D reach 16. There is nothing we can do as calmly as we can a. but to wait B but waiting C but wait D but waited Second thoughts, I am inclined to agree wi On B B C In you D Under 1 8. Since his retirement Peter Smith who was a teacher has written four novels A. lately B. usually C. formerly D alread 19. It is time we computers to the production of iron and steel A will apply B applied C have applied D would have applied 20. The show by the time we arrive at the theatre A. has started B will have started C will start D have started 21. In the end the gasoline buses the trolley buses Atake B take place of C take up with D take the place of 22. The servant is not used to like a horse a be treated B treat C being treated D treating 23. Sailing down the Y angtze river A a terrible accident happened B a boat collided with the ship C the boat collided with a ship D I saw a terrible accident to happer 24. What would you rather gold rings or necklaces? A. to bl B. bo C buy D to be bought 25. Nancy had her by simplifying the theories with a picture A comprehended B to be comprehended 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第10页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 10 页 2005 年 11. I let my children make their own decisions they’re older; I wouldn’t presume to interfere. A. after B.that C.then D.now that 12. The museum and the library are situated at the top the hill they command a fine view. A. there B.where C.in which D.at which 13. Hardly were these words out of his mouth he regretted having said. A. than B.and C.when D.where 14. I’m sorry to inform you that I have no choice to refuse your application. A. and B.than C.but D.rather 15. The total amount of money we paid for the paint 1500 pounds. A.comes B.come to C.reaches D.reach 16. There is nothing we can do as calmly as we can. A. but to wait B.but waiting C.but wait D.but waited 17. Second thoughts, I am inclined to agree with you. A. On B.By C.In D.Under 18. Since his retirement, Peter Smith, who was a teacher,has written four novels. A. lately B.usually C.formerly D.already 19. It is time we computers to the production of iron and steel. A. will apply B.applied C.have applied D.would have applied 20. The show by the time we arrive at the theatre. A. has started B.will have started. C.will start D.have started 21.In the end, the gasoline buses the trolley buses. A.take away with B.take place of C.take up with D.take the place of 22.The servant is not used to like a horse. A.be treated B.treat C.being treated D.treating 23. Sailing down the Yangtze River, . A.a terrible accident happened B.a boat collided with the ship C.the boat collided with a ship D.I saw a terrible accident to happen 24. What would you rather ,gold rings or necklaces? A. to buy B.bought C.buy D.to be bought 25. Nancy had her meaning by simplifying the theories with a picture. A. comprehended B.to be comprehended C.comprehend D.to comprehend