四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 TeHG B A.稞丈小容提要 People send information in three steps and through two types of memory, t noev term and long term. Physical experiments on short-term memory are carried out ind icate that even slight delays or interruption can prevent information from being stored and that people asked to identify a certain number will search the whole set of memorized numbers even after find ing the answer required. They also explain that how scientists are interested in find ing out short-term memory becomes long-term memory, which, however, still remains a mystery B.汇伴解 1. retain v 1.保留,保扫 He has a good memory that retains facts 他有个过目不忘的记忆力 2留住 The farmers built a d am to retain the water of the lake 农民修筑一道堤以蓄湖泊的水。 [披巧 Retainer.侍从,门客 2. flash V.1闪出,亮出,夸示 He flashed a one-pound note at the man by the door 他向门旁边的人亮出一张一英镑的钞票。 2使发出闪光 She flashed a sudden smile at him 她突然投给他一丝微笑。 3闪过,掠过,突然出现于心头 It flashed into/across/through his mind that she might have been married 他突然醒悟到她能已结婚 1闪光 flashes of lightning闪电 闪光灯(照相) Did you use flash?你用了闪光灯吗? [桕忆菠巧]血 ashbulb n(照相用)闪光灯泡; flashlight n手电筒; flashback n倒(插) 叙 [霍用 flash in the pan昙花一现; in/like a flash瞬间,即刻; quick as a flash迅如闪 电; flash back回想,回溯 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 1 页 2005 年 Unit 7 Text B A.课文内容提要 People send information in three steps and through two types of memory, short term and long term. Physical experiments on short-term memory are carried out. They indicate that even slight delays or interruption can prevent information from being stored and that people asked to identify a certain number will search the whole set of memorized numbers even after finding the answer required. They also explain that how scientists are interested in finding out short-term memory becomes long-term memory, which, however, still remains a mystery. B.词汇详解 1. retain v. 1.保留，保持 • He has a good memory that retains facts. 他有个过目不忘的记忆力。 2.留住 • The farmers built a dam to retain the water of the lake. 农民修筑一道堤以蓄湖泊的水。 [记忆技巧]retainer n. 侍从，门客 2.flash v. 1.闪出，亮出，夸示 • He flashed a one-pound note at the man by the door. 他向门旁边的人亮出一张一英镑的钞票。 2.使发出闪光 • She flashed a sudden smile at him. 她突然投给他一丝微笑。 3.闪过，掠过，突然出现于心头 • It flashed into/across/through his mind that she might have been married. 他突然醒悟到她能已结婚。 n.1.闪光 • flashes of lightning 闪电 2.闪光灯（照相） • Did you use flash? 你用了闪光灯吗？ [记忆技巧]flashbulb n.(照相用）闪光灯泡；flashlight n.手电筒；flashback n.倒（插） 叙 [常用短语]flash in the pan昙花一现；in/like a flash瞬间，即刻；quick as a flash迅如闪 电；flash back回想，回溯
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 3. specific ad1.明确的,具体的,不含糊的 The book gives specific instructions on how to make a desk 这本书列出了制造桌子的详尽说明。 2特殊的,特定的,特有的 A specific attribute of the elephant is its long trunk 大象的特有属性就是它那长鼻子 n.1.(多作复数)具体情况,细节 The specifics of the accident were hazy 事故的具体情况仍不清楚。 2特效的 There is no specific for cancer 治癌症还没有什么特效药。 [惚巧 Specifically adv明确地,特有地,特殊地; specify v.指定,详述,说明 specification n指定,详细说明书(或计划书),清单; spec les(单复数同)种类 specimen标本,样品 [用姆 specific gravity比重 4. process n1(大自然的)作用,活动 Coal was formed out of dead forests by chemical processes. 煤是已死森林经过化学作用产生的。 2(专技)隆起 There are two bony processes on each side of the mouth 嘴边有两块突骨。 3步骤,过程,进程,(尤其生产的)工序 The firm is now in the process of moving the machines to a new factory 公司现在正把机器移至新工厂。 V1加工,冲印(照片) Have your photographs been processed? 你的照片冲印了吗? 2处理;小心准备,仔细检查 The plans are now being processed 计划现在正在审批。 L帕披巧 proceed v进行,开始; proceeding n程序,进程; procession行进,行列; procedure n过程,步骤 [君用 Jin(the) process of在.过程中,经过(一段时间) 5. i dent ify v 1.识别,认出,鉴定 I identified the criminal 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第2页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 2 页 2005 年 3. specific adj.1.明确的，具体的，不含糊的 • The book gives specific instructions on how to make a desk. 这本书列出了制造桌子的详尽说明。 2.特殊的，特定的，特有的 • A specific attribute of the elephant is its long trunk. 大象的特有属性就是它那长鼻子。 n. 1. (多作复数）具体情况，细节 • The specifics of the accident were hazy. 事故的具体情况仍不清楚。 2.特效的 • There is no specific for cancer. 治癌症还没有什么特效药。 [记忆技巧]specifically adv.明确地，特有地，特殊地；specify v.指定，详述，说明； specification n.指定，详细说明书（或计划书），清单；species(单复数同）种类； specimen标本，样品 [常用短语]specific gravity 比重 4. process n.1.(大自然的）作用，活动 • Coal was formed out of dead forests by chemical processes. 煤是已死森林经过化学作用产生的。 2.(专技）隆起 • There are two bony processes on each side of the mouth. 嘴边有两块突骨。 3.步骤，过程，进程，（尤其生产的）工序 • The firm is now in the process of moving the machines to a new factory. 公司现在正把机器移至新工厂。 v.1.加工，冲印（照片） • Have your photographs been processed? 你的照片冲印了吗？ 2.处理；小心准备，仔细检查 • The plans are now being processed. 计划现在正在审批。 [记忆技巧]proceed v.进行，开始；proceeding n.程序，进程；procession行进，行列； procedure n.过程，步骤 [常用短语]in(the)process of在……的过程中，经过（一段时间) 5. identify v. 1.识别，认出，鉴定 • I identified the criminal
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 我指认出了凶手 2认为 致,使等同于 I'd identify the two tastes 我要辨认出两回事种味道是否相同 [桕忆披巧 identification n证明,证明身份的文件; identity n身份,本体,相同,相 似; identical ad同一的,完全相似的; unidentified不能确认的 [扌姆 Identify with使某人与某物有联系,认为某物与某物相等,认同; identity card身份证 6. directly adh:1.直接地,正好 He lives directly opposite the church 他正好住在教堂的对面。 2马上,立即 马上回答我! 3不久,立刻,立即 He should be here directly if you don' t mind waiting 请等一下,他一会儿就来了。 就 came directly I got your message 我一接到你的信就来了 [帕巧 direct adj直接的;指点、指引、指导、指挥、针对; directive adj加.训 示的;指令; d irection n方向,指挥、指示,说明; d irector n处长、局长、主任, 理事、导演 7. associate v.1.使结交或结伙 If we can associate the two firms, we will be much stronger 我们能合并这两家公司的话,那力量就雄厚得多了。 I associate politics with war 我把政治跟战争联系在一起 1.(尤指工作中的)同事,伙伴 He is not a friend but a business associate 他并非朋友而是生意上的伙伴 准会员 [帕加披项 associationI.协会,结合 [用 jbe associated with与….有联系; be in association with sb.与某人有往来 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第3页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 3 页 2005 年 我指认出了凶手。 2.认为…….一致，使等同于 • I’d identify the two tastes. 我要辨认出两回事种味道是否相同。 [记忆技巧]identification n.证明，证明身份的文件；identity n.身份，本体，相同，相 似；identical adj.同一的，完全相似的；unidentified不能确认的 [常用短语]identify with使某人与某物有联系，认为某物与某物相等，认同；identity card身份证 6. directly adv.1.直接地，正好 • He lives directly opposite the church. 他正好住在教堂的对面。 2.马上，立即 • Answer me directly! 马上回答我！ 3.不久，立刻，立即 • He should be here directly if you don’t mind waiting. 请等一下，他一会儿就来了。 conj. 一……就…… • I came directly I got your message. 我一接到你的信就来了。 [记忆技巧]direct adj/v.直接的；指点、指引、指导、指挥、针对；directive adj./n.训 示的；指令；direction n.方向，指挥、指示，说明；director n.处长、局长、主任， 理事、导演 7.associate v.1.使结交或结伙 • If we can associate the two firms, we will be much stronger. 我们能合并这两家公司的话，那力量就雄厚得多了。 2.联想 • I associate politics with war. 我把政治跟战争联系在一起。 n.1.(尤指工作中的）同事，伙伴 • He is not a friend but a business associate. 他并非朋友而是生意上的伙伴。 2.准会员 [记忆技巧]association n.协会，结合 [常用短语]be associated with与……有联系；be in association with sb.与某人有往来
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 C.词组用法 1. no matter how不管怎样 And would you defend me no matter how all these people attacked me? 不管所有这些人怎样攻击我,你会保护我吗? No matter how badly she had slept she always get up early 不管她睡得怎样的不好,她总是很早起床 2. over and over again反复地,一遍又一遍地 They sang the same sang over and over again at the top of their voices 他们一遍又一遍地大声唱着那首歌。 3. play a part in在..中起作用 The teacher plays a very active part in this type of classroom activity 老师在这种课堂活动中起到非常积极的作用 Please explain the part that weather plays in our countrys Trade 请解释一下天气在我国贸易中起的作用 4. a series of一系列 A series of wet days spoiled our vacation 系列的潮湿天气破坏了我们的假期 a whole series of mistakes have led to the present dilemma 连串的错误导致了目前的困镜。 5. fade away逐渐消失 When the police arrived the crowd faded away 警察到达时,人群都散去了 6. as soon as 就 Could you ring me up here as soon as he arrives? 你可以在他一到就在这儿打电话给我吗? I'll return the book as soon as i have finished read ing it 我一看完这本书就还给你 D.疑唯语圳析 1.process (n )procedure(n. process特指制造、印刷、照相等的工作方法或过程 , procedure特别指会议或法律方面的程序或手续 The workers have developed a new process of dying 工人们创造了一种新的染色法。 So much time was spent on settling procedure that little actual business was finished at the party political meeting 该政党政治会议在程序安排上花太多时间以致实际事务完成得很少 2. in front of, in the front of before in front of指“在某物(范围之外)的前面“; in the front of指“在某物之内的前部”。 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第4页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 4 页 2005 年 C.词组用法 1.no matter how 不管怎样 • And would you defend me no matter how all these people attacked me? 不管所有这些人怎样攻击我，你会保护我吗？ • No matter how badly she had slept she always get up early. 不管她睡得怎样的不好，她总是很早起床。 2.over and over again 反复地，一遍又一遍地 • They sang the same sang over and over again at the top of their voices. 他们一遍又一遍地大声唱着那首歌。 3.play a part in 在……中起作用 • The teacher plays a very active part in this type of classroom activity. 老师在这种课堂活动中起到非常积极的作用。 • Please explain the part that weather plays in our country’s Trade. 请解释一下天气在我国贸易中起的作用。 4.a series of 一系列 • A series of wet days spoiled our vacation. 一系列的潮湿天气破坏了我们的假期。 • A whole series of mistakes have led to the present dilemma. 一连串的错误导致了目前的困镜。 5.fade away 逐渐消失 • When the police arrived the crowd faded away. 警察到达时，人群都散去了。 6.as soon as 一……就…… • Could you ring me up here as soon as he arrives? 你可以在他一到就在这儿打电话给我吗？ • I’ll return the book as soon as I have finished reading it. 我一看完这本书就还给你。 D.疑难词语辨析 1.process(n.)与procedure(n.) process特指制造、印刷、照相等的工作方法或过程。 procedure特别指会议或法律方面的程序或手续。 • The workers have developed a new process of dying. 工人们创造了一种新的染色法。 • So much time was spent on settling procedure that little actual business was finished at the party political meeting. 该政党政治会议在程序安排上花太多时间以致实际事务完成得很少。 2.in front of, in the front of 与before in front of指“在某物（范围之外）的前面“；in the front of指“在某物之内的前部
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 In front of the house was a tall tree 房前有一棵高树。 The living room is in the front of the house 起居室是在房子的前部 before指空间与时间均可,而 in front of一般只指空间:表示次序时常用 before,用 于抽象意义时也一般用 before。 He walks before me 他走在我前面 We will never bow before difficulties 我们永远不在困难面前低头 3. entire (adj ),whole (ad)Stotal (ad.) 这三个词都可作“全部讲。 Entire与 whole同义,一般情况下可交换使用;而 entire 可以修饰抽象名词, whole却不能。 He is in entire ignorance of it 他完全不知道这事。 当修饰表示具体事物的名词时,多用 whole.如: I will tell you the whole story in detail 我要把全部事实对你细说 otal则有较强的计算意味。如 The total number of the persons here is 125 总人数是125。 E稞文重点鼎点群解 l.. the former kind. the latter kind. (Paragraph 1, I ine5) the former(刚提及的二者中的)前者, the latter(指刚提及的二者中的)后者。 Of the two suggestions, I prefer the former 这两个建议中,我较喜欢前者。 Of pigs and cows, the latter(=cows) are more valuable 猪和牛比起来,后者较有价值。 而 latter则表示“最近的,后来的”。 The engine has been greatly improved in later models 在最近的模型中引擎大大改善了 2. Subjects sit in small books, ( paragraph3, line 2) subject在此表示(被挑选来体验某物或接受实验的)研究对象;实验品 Rabbits and mice are often subiects for medical experiments 兔和老鼠经常被作为医疗实验品 3.... interruption occurs that blocks their search for a particular number. (Paragraph 3, /ine 此处是定语从句太长,置于谓语 occurs的后面, blocks为定语从句的谓语动词,意 思相当开 prevent 4. Sur pr isingly people need to . (paragraph 5, I ine 1) 朱瑞娜基础科学系英语教研室 第5页 2005年
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 朱瑞娜 基础科学系英语教研室 第 5 页 2005 年 • In front of the house was a tall tree. 房前有一棵高树。 • The living room is in the front of the house. 起居室是在房子的前部。 before指空间与时间均可，而in front of 一般只指空间；表示次序时常用before,用 于抽象意义时也一般用before。 • He walks before me. 他走在我前面。 • We will never bow before difficulties. 我们永远不在困难面前低头。 3. entire (adj.), whole (adj.) 与total (adj.) 这三个词都可作“全部”讲。Entire与whole同义，一般情况下可交换使用；而entire 可以修饰抽象名词，whole却不能。 • He is in entire ignorance of it. 他完全不知道这事。 当修饰表示具体事物的名词时，多用whole.如： • I will tell you the whole story in detail. 我要把全部事实对你细说。 total则有较强的计算意味。如： • The total number of the persons here is 125. 总人数是125。 E.课文重点难点详解 1…. the former kind…the latter kind. (Paragraph 1, line5) the former(刚提及的二者中的）前者，the latter(指刚提及的二者中的）后者。 • Of the two suggestions, I prefer the former. 这两个建议中，我较喜欢前者。 • Of pigs and cows, the latter (=cows) are more valuable. 猪和牛比起来，后者较有价值。 而latter则表示“最近的，后来的”。 • The engine has been greatly improved in later models. 在最近的模型中引擎大大改善了。 2.Subjects sit in small books,（paragraph3,line 2) subject在此表示（被挑选来体验某物或接受实验的）研究对象；实验品。 • Rabbits and mice are often subjects for medical experiments. 兔和老鼠经常被作为医疗实验品。 3…. interruption occurs that blocks their search for a particular number. (Paragraph 3, line8) 此处是定语从句太长，置于谓语occurs的后面，blocks为定语从句的谓语动词，意 思相当开prevent. 4. Surprisingly, people need to…(paragraph 5,line 1)