糖类化合物的结构OHOR'千HCI于HCIRCHOR'RCHOR'RCHO + R'OHR'OH缩醛半缩醛CH2—CH2H2C——CH2H3C—CHH3C-CHCH-OHCHOOH0OHCH2-CHOCH2—CHCH2CH2CH2—CH20HCH2-CH2
CH2 CH CH2 CHO H3C OH H2C CH2 CH O H CH 3C OH CH2OH CH2 CHO CH2 CH2 CH2 CH CH2 CH2 CH2 O OH RCHO + R’OH 干HCl RCHOR’ OH 干HCl RCHOR’ OR’ 半缩醛 缩醛 R’OH 糖类化合物的结构
单糖的环式结构与变旋光现H-C-OHCHO-HO-C-HOHOHOHHHHHHHHOHOHOHHOHHOHOHOHHHH00CH20HCH20HCH20Hβ-D-（+）-吡喃葡萄糖D-葡萄糖α-D-（+）-吡喃葡萄糖63.6极少36.4[α ]b= +[α ]b= +[α ]b=+52.7°CH20HCH20H0HH0H工OHHOH哈沃斯H.OHHOOHDHOHOHHOHHβ-D-(十)-吡喃葡萄α-D-(十)-吡喃葡萄
β-D-（+）-吡喃葡萄糖 α-D-（+）-吡喃葡萄糖 HO OH HO OH OH CH2OH O H H HO C H H H CH2OH O H H CHO H C OH CH2OH H OH OH H H H H OH H OH HO D-葡萄糖 投影式 [α]D= + [α]D= + 63.6 极少 36.4 [α]D= + 52.7° 单糖的环式结构与变旋光现 O OH OH HO H H H H OH CH2OH H O OH OH HO H H H H CH2OH OH H α-D-(＋)-吡喃葡萄 哈沃斯 β-D-(＋)-吡喃葡萄
糖类化合物的结构1CHO2345H.HOH H皇CH20HOH615234516CHOHOCH202工工HOHOHOHOHOHHHβ-OHH6CH20HHOHHOHHCH20H65CH20HCH20HOHHHOH0HHHCHOCHOHOHHOHHHOa-HOOHH23HOOHHOHHOHHOH
CHO OH HO CH2OH OH OH H H H H HOCH2 CHO OH OH OHOH H H H H HO CHO OH OH OH CH2OH H H H H HO CHO OH OH OH CH2OH H H H H HO OH OH OH O CH2OH H H H H H HO OH OH O CH2OH H H H H OH H α- β- 6 1 2 3 4 5 1 3 2 4 5 6 1 5 234 6 糖类化合物的结构
糖类化合物的结构CH2OHCH2OHCH2OHCH2OHHOH?BHHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHHOHα-D-（十）-吡喃葡萄CH2OHCH2OHCH2OHCH2OHOHOHOH0OH?8HHOHOHHOHOHOHHOHOHOHβ-D-(+)-吡喃葡萄C1的差向异构体又互称为端基异构体或异头物半缩醛碳也叫异头碳
C1的差向异构体又互称为端基异构体或异头物， 半缩醛碳也叫异头碳。 β-D-(＋)-吡喃葡萄 α-D-(＋)-吡喃葡萄 糖类化合物的结构 O OH H OH OH OH CH2OH H H H H O OH OH OH OH CH2OH O OH OH OH OH CH2OH O CH2OH O OH OH H OH OH CH2OH H H H H O OH OH OH OH CH2OH O OH OH OH OH CH2OH O CH2OH
糖类化合物的结构CH2OHCH2OHHHCH2OHOHHOO-HHOHHOOBHHHHHO.-OHOHHHOHOHOHHOHHOHNAα-D-（十)-吡葡萄HCH2OHCH2OHCH20HOHOOOHOHHHHOHBHHOOHHHOHHHOHHOHHHHHOHOHOHNAβ-D-(十)-吡喃葡萄稳定性：β-D-(+)-吡喃葡萄糖>α-D-(+)-吡喃葡萄
α-D-(＋)-吡喃葡萄 β-D-(＋)-吡喃葡萄 N A N A 稳定性：β-D-(＋)-吡喃葡萄糖 > α-D-(＋)-吡喃葡萄 糖类化合物的结构 O OH H OH OH OH CH2OH H H H H O OH OH H OH OH CH2OH H H H H O OH OH HO HO CH2OH H H H H H O OH OH OH OH CH2OH H H H H H O OH OH HO HO CH2OH H H H H H O OH OH OH OH CH2OH H H H H H