Hemoglobinopathies Hemoglobinopathy Thalassemia
Hemoglobinopathies ❖Hemoglobinopathy ❖Thalassemia
Extracorpuscular Hemolysis nonimmune g Infectious ☆ Chemical ◆ Thermal Osmotic
Extracorpuscular Hemolysis Nonimmune ❖Infectious ❖Chemical ❖Thermal ❖Osmotic
Extracorpuscular Hemolysis Immune .All require antigen-antibody reactions .o Types of reactions dependent on: oR Class of Antibody oR Number spacing of antigenic sites on cell aVAilability of complement cR Environmental Temperature cR Functional status of reticuloendothelial system ☆ Manifestations iNTravascular hemolysis eXTravascular hemolysis
Extracorpuscular Hemolysis Immune ❖ All require antigen-antibody reactions ❖ Types of reactions dependent on: Class of Antibody Number & Spacing of antigenic sites on cell Availability of complement Environmental Temperature Functional status of reticuloendothelial system ❖ Manifestations Intravascular hemolysis Extravascular hemolysis
Extracorpuscular Hemolysis Immune Antibodies combine with rbc.& either 1. Activate complement cascade, &/or 2. Opsonize rbc for immune system %o If 1, if all of complement cascade is fixed to red cell. intravascular cell ysIs occurs &o If 2, &/or if complement is only partially fixed, macrophages recognize Fc receptor of ig &/or C3b of complement phagocytize RBC, causing extravascular rbc destruction
Extracorpuscular Hemolysis Immune ❖ Antibodies combine with RBC, & either 1. Activate complement cascade, &/or 2. Opsonize RBC for immune system ❖ If 1, if all of complement cascade is fixed to red cell, intravascular cell lysis occurs ❖ If 2, &/or if complement is only partially fixed, macrophages recognize Fc receptor of Ig &/or C3b of complement & phagocytize RBC, causing extravascular RBC destruction
Classification . Intravascular extravascular
Classification ❖Intravascular ❖Extravascular