hydrogen bonds(氢键) Hydrogen Bonds in Biological Molecules Hydrogen donor. acceptor Comments m ajor factor in the 0-H:0 structural stability of water 0-H:·0 N-H.0 bonding of water SH to other molecules N-H…0=C 0-H:·0=C very important in structural stability of / H proteins and nucleic N-H。O acids R C.H:··0三C weaker bonds relatively rare
hydrogen bonds（氢键）:
ionic bonds(离子键) ain chain ain chain HO NH a HN o-C O C-O HCCH2CH2CH2CH2NHg………O-C-CH2CH2CH HN sine Glutamate NH C=0 CI O-C N HO
ionic bonds（离子键）
hydrophobic interactions (疏水相互作用) HYDROPHOBIC FORCES
hydrophobic interactions （疏水相互作用）
Protein Protein NH -CH2 -OH. 0=C-CH2 -CH,- Hydrogen CH2-CH2-NH3O C-CH2-CH lonic bond cH CH--CH3 CHa C CHa--CH-CHz Hydrophobic and van der Waals CH一CHcH3-CH Interactions CHa CHa CH2-C HaN-CH2-- lonic bond
What forces determine the structure? Primary structure determined by covalent bonds Secondary, tertiary, Quaternary structures all determined by weak forces Weak forces -hbonds. ionic interactions van der waals interactions, hydrophobic interactions
What forces determine the structure? • Primary structure - determined by covalent bonds • Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary structures - all determined by weak forces • Weak forces - H-bonds, ionic interactions, van der Waals interactions, hydrophobic interactions