OCCUPATIONAL CAUSES OF CANCER Industrial process Site or Tumor Type Aluminum production tung, bladder, lympho-sarcomas and reticulosarcomas Manufacture of auramine(金胺) Bladder Boot and shoe manufacture Nose, bladder and repair Coal gasification Lung bladder skin Coke production ung bladder skin Furniture and cabinetmaking Nose Mining with exposure to radon ung Occupational exposure to strong-inorganIc-acId ung larynx, nasal sInus Iron and steel founding Lung Manufacture of magenta Bladder Painters Lung, larynx, esophagus, stomach bladder, leukemia lymphoma Rubber industry Bladder, leukemia, lymphoma
◼ Industrial process Site or Tumor Type ◼ Aluminum production Lung,bladder,lympho-sarcomas ◼ and reticulosarcomas ◼ Manufacture of auramine (金胺) Bladder ◼ Boot and shoe manufacture Nose, bladder ◼ and repair ◼ Coal gasification Lung, bladder,skin ◼ Coke production Lung, bladder,skin ◼ Furniture and cabinetmaking Nose ◼ Mining, with exposure to radon Lung ◼ Occupational exposure to ◼ strong-inorganic-acid Lung, larynx, nasal sinus ◼ Iron and steel founding Lung ◼ Manufacture of magenta Bladder ◼ Painters Lung, larynx, esophagus, stomach, bladder,leukemia, lymphoma ◼ Rubber industry Bladder, leukemia, lymphoma OCCUPATIONAL CAUSES OF CANCER
PERECENTAGEOFUS CANCER CASES AND DEATHS MOST PROBABLYATURIBUTABLE TO VARIOUSACCEPTED CAUSES OF CANCER New cases Total Cancer Cause Male Female Deaths Tobacco 20 30 Alcohol and tobacco 4 Occupation Drugs <1 Ionizing radiation Sunlight 10 10 Infectious agents 3 Total percentage <54 <41
PERECENTAGE OF U.S. CANCER CASES AND DEATHS MOST PROBABLY ATTRIBUTABLE TO VARIOUS ACCEPTED CAUSES OF CANCER New Cases Total Cancer Cause Male Female Deaths Tobacco 30 20 30 Alcohol and tobacco 4 2 3 Occupation 5 2 4 Drugs <1 <1 <1 Ionizing radiation 1 1 1 Sunlight 10 10 2 Infectious agents 3 5 5 Total percentage <54 <41 46
SCREENING AND SECONDARY PREVENTION Planning a Screening program 1. The sensitivity and specificity of tests or procedures used for screening 2. The targets population 3. The prevalence of the disease in the target population 4. The predictive value of a positive test 5. The consequences of false-positive tests 6. Consequences of a false-negative test 7. Applicability of the test 8. Acceptability of the test 9. Adverse consequences of the test 10. the evaluability of the program
SCREENING AND SECONDARY PREVENTION Planning a Screening Program 1. The sensitivity and specificity of tests or procedures used for screening 2. The targets population 3. The prevalence of the disease in the target population 4. The predictive value of a positive test 5. The consequences of false-positive tests 6. Consequences of a false-negative test 7. Applicability of the test 8. Acceptability of the test 9. Adverse consequences of the test 10. the evaluability of the program
浅析人类基因组计划与劳动 卫生与环境卫生学的 机遇和挑战 相关背景
浅析人类基因组计划与劳动 卫生与环境卫生学的 机遇和挑战 相关背景
20世纪生物学的最大成就是揭示 生命机体的世代遗传主要是以基因为 载体的核酸负责,而有机体的当代生 命活动主要决定于蛋白质的结构和功 能,进而将整个生物学推进到以核酸 和蛋白质为中心的分子生物学时代
20世纪生物学的最大成就是揭示 生命机体的世代遗传主要是以基因为 载体的核酸负责，而有机体的当代生 命活动主要决定于蛋白质的结构和功 能，进而将整个生物学推进到以核酸 和蛋白质为中心的分子生物学时代