、化性: ●●●●● ●●●● ●●0 ●●● 1)水解 ●●●● HCI (RCO2O RCOOR h,o H RCOOH RCOOH+ R'OH RCONH2 NH3 RCN H2O, NaOH CH2 CH2COOH 90% O OH CH3C一NH EtoH-H2O, KOH - Br △.95% CH3 COK H2N
1)水解 RCOCl (RCO)2O RCOOR' RCONH2 + H2O H RCOOH + HCl RCOOH R'OH NH3 RCN O O H2O，NaOH 90% OH CH2CH2COOH CH3C O NH Br EtOH-H2O,KOH , 95% CH3COK + H2N O Br 三、化性:
●●●●● ●●●● ●●0 ●●● 2)醇解: ●●●● RCOCI HCI (RCO)20 +ROH RCOOR'+ RCOOH HOR RCOOR NH RCONH2 WERSITY 理工
RCOCl (RCO) 2O RCOOR'' RCONH2 + R'OH RCOOR' + HCl RCOOH HOR'' NH3 2) 醇解：
●●●●● 酰卤最活泼,常用于制备酯 ●●●● ●●0 ●●● (CH3)3CCO0H SOCl2, (CH3)3CCOC, C6H5OH ●●●● 吡啶 CH3)3CCOOCAH5 酸酐在酸或碱催化下易反应 酯发生酯交换反应: CHCHCOOCH3+ C4H9OH TSOH CH2CHCOOC4Hg CH3OH 腈的醇溶液与浓硫酸或盐酸共热,发生醇解得到酯,如: CH3CN+C2HsSOH HCL,H20 CH3 COOC2H5
酰卤最活泼，常用于制备酯 酸酐在酸或碱催化下易反应. 酯发生酯交换反应: 腈的醇溶液与浓硫酸或盐酸共热，发生醇解得到酯，如： CHCOOCH3 + C4H9OH TSOH CH2 CH2 CHCOOC4H9 + CH3OH (CH3) 3CCOOH SOCl 2 (CH3) 3CCOCl C6H5OH 吡啶 (CH3) 3CCOOC6H5 HCl, H2O CH3CN + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5
生物体内也有酯交换反应: ●●●●● ●●●● ●●0 ●●● ●●●● +hochchn(cha) 2OH CHC—S—CoA 乙酰辅酶A 胆碱 CHC-oCH2 CH2N(CH3)3OI HS—CoA 乙酰胆碱 辅酶A 酰胺醇解须在酸性催化剂,高温加压下反应 H2NC—NH 2 CH3OHH 2MPa H2NC—OCH3
酰胺醇解须在 酸性催化剂,高温,加压下反应 H2 N NH2 CH3OH H 2MPa C O H2 N C OCH3 O CH3 C O S CoA + HOCH2 CH2N（CH3）3OH CH3 C O OCH2 CH2N（CH3）3OH + HS CoA 乙酰辅酶A 胆碱 乙酰胆碱 辅酶A 生物体内也有酯交换反应: