Department of Special Education ECNU 包括:○选择怎样的抽样方式 O如何计算样本容量 ○确定怎样的实验对照形式 O如何实现实验组和对照组的等组化 O如何安排实验因素 O如何控制无关变量 ○用什么统计方法处理及分析实验结果。 4.描述统计、推断统计、实验设计三者之间的关系 描述统计是推断统计的基础 推断统计是描述统计的升华 良好的实验设计是获得真实的,有价值的数据,并推测未知 的教育结果的保证 Department of Special Education ECNU
Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education 包括： ○选择怎样的抽样方式 ○如何计算样本容量 ○确定怎样的实验对照形式 ○如何实现实验组和对照组的等组化 ○如何安排实验因素 ○如何控制无关变量 ○用什么统计方法处理及分析实验结果。 4 . 描述统计、推断统计、实验设计三者之间的关系 •描述统计是推断统计的基础 •推断统计是描述统计的升华 •良好的实验设计是获得真实的，有价值的数据，并推测未知 的教育结果的保证
12.3教育统计学的结构 cial Education ECNU 概率论 资料收集 描述统计 推断统计 经常性资料UstC统计图表uCa们以检验 调査数据 集中量 T检验 实验数据 差异量 非参数检验 历史资料 相关量 方差分析 测验数据 预测统计 predictive Department of Special Education ECNU
Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education 1.2.3 教育统计学的结构 资料收集 描述统计 推断统计 概率论 •经常性资料 •调查数据 •实验数据 •历史资料 •测验数据 •统计图表 •集中量 •差异量 •相关量 •预测统计 predictive •Z 检验 •T 检验 •非参数检验 •方差分析
Department of Special Education ECNU 13教育统计学中的基本概念 1.变量与常量( Variable vs constant 随机变量( RandomⅤ ariable) 表示随机现象各种结果的变量 随机现象:一次方试验有多种可能的结果;试验前不能 预料哪种结果会出现试验可以重复1 随机事件 3.总体与样本( Population vs Sample) 4.统计量与参数( Statistic vs parameter) 样本的数字特征称为统计量 总体的数字特征称为参数 Department of Special Education ECNU
Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education 1.3 教育统计学中的基本概念 1. 变量与常量(Variable vs Constant) 2. 随机变量(Random Variable) 表示随机现象各种结果的变量 随机现象：一次方试验有多种可能的结果；试验前不能 预料哪一种结果会出现；试验可以重复。 随机事件： 3. 总体与样本(Population vs Sample) 4. 统计量与参数(Statistic vs Parameter) 样本的数字特征称为统计量 总体的数字特征称为参数
Department of Special Education ECNU 5.点计数据与度量数据 6.间断变量与连续变量 Discrete variable vs Continuous variable) 7.名称变量、等级变量、等距变量及比率变量 (Nominalvariable, Ordinal variable, Interval variable Ratio variable tics of education Nominal variable: Has values which differ in quality onl Ordinal variable: Has values ordered by quality Interval variable: Has ordered by quality with equal-sized interval between each Ratio variable: like intervalvariables but with a true zero b point Department of Special Education ECNU
Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education 5. 点计数据与度量数据 6. 间断变量与连续变量 (Discrete variable vs Continuous variable) 7. 名称变量、等级变量、等距变量及比率变量 (Nominal variable 、 Ordinal variable 、 Interval variable 、 Ratio variable) Nominal variable: Has values which differ in quality only Ordinal variable: Has values ordered by quality Interval variable: Has ordered by quality with equal-sized interval between each Ratio variable: Like interval variables but with a true zero point
Department of Special Education ECNU Label the following as nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio a. grading system using A, B, C,F number correct on a quIz c. fur color of dogs d. numbers on football jerseys e. type of housing in an urban center gender g. age h. psychopathological diagnosis (i. e, neurotic or psychotic or personality disorder i. the ten healthiest Canadian cities to live in based on weather, pollution crime rate etc. Department of Special Education ECNU
Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Department of Special Education ECNU Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education Statistics of Education