http:∥10.12.240.202，Copyright©2001-2004，Zhangwen Tang Wideband LC VCOs Wideband LC VCO with Switched Capacitors Tradeoffs 。MIM capacitor Switched NMOS transistor L Quality of capacitors X 都 4c」 8c Mn1 Mn2 ] 8W/LL4W/L_ _2W/L_L W/L L2W/L_ L4W/L L8W/L Mn3 Itail ASIC System State-Key Laboratory,Fudan University [A,Kral,A.A.Abidi,CICC,1998] -11-
-11- ASIC & System State-Key Laboratory, Fudan University http://10.12.240.202, Copyright © 2001-2004, Zhangwen Tang Wideband LC Wideband LC VCOs L L Cv CV Vc Mn2 Itail Vdd Mn3 X Y Cfix Mn1 8C 4C 2C C B3 B2 B1 B0 8W/L 4W/L 2W/L W/L 8Cd 4Cd 2Cd Cd C 2C 4C 8C B0 B1 B2 B3 W/L 2W/L 4W/L 8W/L 8Cd 4Cd Cd 2Cd Wideband LC VCO with Switched Capacitors Tradeoffs z MIM capacitor z Switched NMOS transistor z Quality of capacitors [A, Kral, A.A. Abidi, CICC, 1998]
http://10.12.240.202,Copyright@2001-2004,Zhangwen Tang Quadrature LC VCOs Quadrature LC VCO with Superharmonic coupling Superharmonic coupling Itail at Common-mode,S1 S2 L L L ·Very simple Q000 Q00 Q90一 000 two same LC-VCOs ●Low phase noise X1 X2 X4 Low power dissipation C C HH C C Mnl Mn2 Mn3 Mn4 S1 S2 LI L2 C2 ASIC System State-Key Laboratory,Fudan University [S.L J.Gierkink,JSSC,July,2003] -12-
-12- ASIC & System State-Key Laboratory, Fudan University http://10.12.240.202, Copyright © 2001-2004, Zhangwen Tang Quadrature Quadrature LC VCOs Vdd Itail Mp C1 C2 L1 L2 L L C v Vc Mn1 Mn2 X1 X2 Cfix Cfix C v L L C v Vc Mn3 Mn4 X3 X4 Cfix Cfix C v S1 S2 Quadrature LC VCO with Superharmonic coupling [S. L. J. Gierkink, JSSC, July, 2003] z Superharmonic coupling at Common-mode, S1 & S2 z Very simple two same LC-VCOs z Low phase noise z Low power dissipation
http∥10.12.240.202，Copyright©2001-2004，Zhangwen Tang Outline ▣ Introduction ▣ Fundamentals of LC VCOs ■ On-chip inductors O Inductor's Class O Modeling of on-chip inductors O Optimization of equivalent capacitance ○ Quality Factor improvement ▣ Varactors and F-V tuning curve ▣ Optimization of LC VCOs ▣ Techniques of lowering phase noise ▣ Design examples ▣ Conclusion and prospect ASIC System State-Key Laboratory,Fudan University 13-
-13- ASIC & System State-Key Laboratory, Fudan University http://10.12.240.202, Copyright © 2001-2004, Zhangwen Tang Outline Outline Introduction Fundamentals of LC VCOs On-chip inductors Inductor’s Class Modeling of on-chip inductors Optimization of equivalent capacitance Quality Factor improvement Varactors and F-V tuning curve Optimization of LC VCOs Techniques of lowering phase noise Design examples Conclusion and prospect
http:∥10.12.240.202，Copyright©2001-2004 Zhangwen Tang Inductor's Class Three types of On-chip inductors Q Lewlm2 Bondwire inductors 0u可图 Gyrator-based active inductors On-chip spiral inductors (a)single-ended,(b)floating configurations ASIC System State-Key Laboratory,Fudan University -14
-14- ASIC & System State-Key Laboratory, Fudan University http://10.12.240.202, Copyright © 2001-2004, Zhangwen Tang Three types of On-chip inductors Gyrator-based active inductors (a) single-ended，(b) floating configurations Bondwire inductors On-chip spiral inductors Inductor Inductor’s Class s Class
http://10.12.240.202,Copyright@2001-2004,Zhangwen Tang Planar Spiral Inductor ●Number of tuners,n ●Metal width,w ●Spacing,s ● Outer diameter,dout Inner diameter,din Fill ratio,P=(dod)/(+d) (a)Square Spiral (b)Hexagonal Spiral ●Number of sides,N (c)Octagonal Spiral (d)Circular Spiral ASIC System State-Key Laboratory,Fudan University -15
-15- ASIC & System State-Key Laboratory, Fudan University http://10.12.240.202, Copyright © 2001-2004, Zhangwen Tang Planar Spiral Inductor Planar Spiral Inductor z Number of tuners, n z Metal width, w z Spacing, s z Outer diameter, dout Inner diameter, din Fill ratio, z Number of sides, N (a) Square Spiral (b) Hexagonal Spiral (c) Octagonal Spiral (d) Circular Spiral ( )/( ) ρ =− + d dd d out in out in