those countries and governments were in letting themselves be overrun byGermany one by one without forming a united front to fight Germany. If they hadfought in a unified way, they might have saved themselves and therefore save theworld.2) moralise (moralize): to tell other people what is right and wrong especially in orderto emphasize thatyouropinions are correct进行道德说教3) follies: a lack of good judgment; the fact of doing sth stupid; an activity or idea thatshowsalackof judgment愚蠢；愚笨；愚蠢的想法（或事情、行为）(In this context, follies" refers to the foolish activities the Soviet Union and someother countries had done, such as the policy of appeasement, Non-Aggression Pact)(b. Hitler's motives.)But when I spoke a few minutes ago of Hitler's blood-lust and the hateful appetiteswhich have impelled or lured him on his Russian adventure I said there was onedeeper motive behind his outrage. He wishes to destroy the Russian power becausehe hopes that if he succeeds in this he will be able to bring back the main strength ofhis Army and Air Force from the East and hurl it upon this Island, which he knows hemust conquer or suffer the penalty of his crimes.1) But when I spoke a few minutes ago...outragea. Paraphrase: When I mentioned Hitler's insatiable desire for conquest which hasdriven him to attack Russia, I said there were another and more important reason forhis adventure.b. blood-lust: strong, usually evil desire forc. hateful: detestable; loathsomed.impel: to push (someone)forwarde. outrage: a very wrong or cruel act which arouses great anger2)hurl:to throw sth/sbviolently in a particular direction猛扔3) this Island: Great Britain4)or:otherwise5) suffer the penalty of his crimes: to be destroyed for the crimes he (Hitler) has
those countries and governments were in letting themselves be overrun by Germany one by one without forming a united front to fight Germany. If they had fought in a unified way, they might have saved themselves and therefore save the world. 2) moralise (moralize): to tell other people what is right and wrong especially in order to emphasize that your opinions are correct 进行道德说教 3) follies: a lack of good judgment; the fact of doing sth stupid; an activity or idea that shows a lack of judgment 愚蠢；愚笨；愚蠢的想法（或事情、行为） (In this context, “follies” refers to the foolish activities the Soviet Union and some other countries had done,such as the policy of appeasement, Non-Aggression Pact) (b. Hitler’s motives.) But when I spoke a few minutes ago of Hitler's blood-lust and the hateful appetites which have impelled or lured him on his Russian adventure I said there was one deeper motive behind his outrage. He wishes to destroy the Russian power because he hopes that if he succeeds in this he will be able to bring back the main strength of his Army and Air Force from the East and hurl it upon this Island, which he knows he must conquer or suffer the penalty of his crimes. 1) But when I spoke a few minutes ago.outrage. a. Paraphrase: When I mentioned Hitler’s insatiable desire for conquest which has driven him to attack Russia, I said there were another and more important reason for his adventure. b. blood-lust: strong, usually evil desire for c. hateful: detestable; loathsome d. impel: to push (someone) forward e. outrage: a very wrong or cruel act which arouses great anger 2) hurl: to throw sth/sb violently in a particular direction 猛扔 3) this Island: Great Britain 4) or: otherwise 5) suffer the penalty of his crimes: to be destroyed for the crimes he (Hitler) has
committedHis invasionof Russiais nomorethan apenaltytoanattemptedinvasion oftheBritish Isles. He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplished before the wintercomes, and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and air-poweroftheUnited Statesmay intervene,1)HisinvasionofRussiaisnomorethanapenaltytoanattemptedinvasionoftheBritish Isles.Paraphrase:His invasion of Russia will pavethewayfor his planned invasion ofthe British Isles.2) He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplished before the winter comes..Paraphrase:Obviouslyhe hopes that he can bring his Russian campaign toasuccessful end before winter sets in. (The Russian winter is, of course, particularvicious.)2)..he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and airpower of the UnitedStates may intervene.a.overwhelm:togaincompletecontrol orvictoryoverthem压倒；击败；征服b. Paraphrase: He can crush, conquer Britain before the US can come to her helpHe hopes that he may once again repeat, upon a greater scale than ever before, thatprocess of destroying his enemies one by one by which he has so long thrived andprospered, and that then the scene will be clear for thefinal act, without which all hisconquests would be in vain-namely, the subjugation of the Western Hemisphere tohiswillandtohissystem1) ...by which he has so long thrived and prospered...a. Paraphrase: He has so far been very successful in employing this tactic.b.thrive:todowellandbesuccessful,healthy，orstrong欣欣向荣；苗壮成长，兴旺发达c. thrived and prospered: this is repetition of meaning2)...and that then the scene will be clear for the final act
committed His invasion of Russia is no more than a penalty to an attempted invasion of the British Isles. He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplished before the winter comes, and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and airpower of the United States may intervene. 1) His invasion of Russia is no more than a penalty to an attempted invasion of the British Isles. Paraphrase: His invasion of Russia will pave the way for his planned invasion of the British Isles. 2) He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplished before the winter comes. Paraphrase: Obviously he hopes that he can bring his Russian campaign to a successful end before winter sets in. (The Russian winter is, of course, particular vicious.) 2) .he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and airpower of the United States may intervene. a. overwhelm: to gain complete control or victory over them 压倒；击败；征服 b. Paraphrase: He can crush, conquer Britain before the US can come to her help. He hopes that he may once again repeat, upon a greater scale than ever before, that process of destroying his enemies one by one by which he has so long thrived and prospered, and that then the scene will be clear for the final act, without which all his conquests would be in vain – namely, the subjugation of the Western Hemisphere to his will and to his system. 1) .by which he has so long thrived and prospered. a. Paraphrase: He has so far been very successful in employing this tactic. b. thrive: to do well and be successful, healthy, or strong 欣欣向荣;茁壮成长;兴 旺发达 c. thrived and prospered: this is repetition of meaning. 2) .and that then the scene will be clear for the final act
a. the final act: the defeat and conquest of all the countries in the Western Hemisphere.b. Paraphrase: Then there will be nothing to prevent Hitler from conquering all thecountries in the Western Hemisphere, which he must do if he wants to bring the whoworld under his control.3) subjugate: to take complete control of(a group of people), especially by defeatingtheminawar(尤指在战争中)征服，制服，使屈服Para 13 (Conclusion: making an earnest appeal to people all over the world tomake joint efforts against Nazi Germany)"The Russian danger is therefore our danger, and the danger of the United States,just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of freemen and free peoples in every quarter of the globe. Let us learn the lessons alreadytaught by such cruel experience. Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with unitedstrength while life and power remain."1) hearth and home:a. (poetic) home and its comfortsb. The figure of speech used here is alliteration2) in every quarter of the globe: in every part of the world3) Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experiencea.Paraphrase: We should bear in mind thefact that Hitler had been successfulbecause many European governments had allowed themselves to be struckdown one by one. This time we should all support the Soviet Union andshouldn't let Hitler repeat his tactics.b. let us learn the lessons: The figure of speech used here is alliteration4)exertion:physicalormentaleffort;theactofmakinganeffort努力；尽力；费力* Exercises for students:1. Structure of the textPart I (): Background of the speech1. () Churchill's own account of news of
a. the final act: the defeat and conquest of all the countries in the Western Hemispher e. b. Paraphrase: Then there will be nothing to prevent Hitler from conquering all the countries in the Western Hemisphere, which he must do if he wantsto bring the who world under his control. 3) subjugate: to take complete control of (a group of people), especially by defeating them in a war (尤指在战争中)征服，制服，使屈服 Para 13 (Conclusion: making an earnest appeal to people all over the world to make joint efforts against Nazi Germany) "The Russian danger is therefore our danger, and the danger of the United States, just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men and free peoples in every quarter of the globe. Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain. " 1) hearth and home: a. (poetic) home and its comforts b. The figure of speech used here is alliteration. 2) in every quarter of the globe: in every part of the world 3) Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. a. Paraphrase: We should bear in mind the fact that Hitler had been successful because many European governments had allowed themselves to be struck down one by one. This time we should all support the Soviet Union and shouldn’t let Hitler repeat his tactics. b. let us learn the lessons: The figure of speech used here is alliteration. 4) exertion: physical or mental effort; the act of making an effort 努力；尽力；费力 * Exercises for students: 1. Structure of the text Part I ( ): Background of the speech. 1. ( ) Churchill’s own account of news of
2. (O Mr. Colville's description asPart II (): The Speech1..O .....to the audience. (His ideas of.....)2..O...of the policy..3.O......for such a policy. (......of thewar)4. ..... of the policy.5.) Conclusion. (Making an earnest appeal to......)2. Please give different meanings of each word and examples.conviction surprise round up horde count on revert therebyreference devoid excel primordial dandified plod swarmsmart glare irrevocable yoke divergence slackenwoeful moralize preludeexertion impel3. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions or adverbs.1) This changed convictioncertainty2) Presently General Dill, who had hastenedfromLondon,cameintomybedroom.3)I knew what we all felt the samethis issue.4)Thefollowing account by Mr.Colville, who wasduty this weekend, maybeinterest.5) During dinner Mr. Churchill said that a German attackRussia was nowcertain.6) Winant said the same would be truethe U.S.A7) After dinner, Churchill revertedthis theme.the8)If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourablereferenceDevil intheHouseof Commons9) I was awoken by a telephone messagethe effect that .10) The Nazi regime is devoidall the theme and principlethe11) I see them guarding their homes where mothers and wives praysafety of their loved ones.12) I see also the dull, drilled, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding
2. ( ) Mr. Colville’s description as . Part II ( ): The Speech 1. ( ) . to the audience. (His ideas of .) 2. ( ) . of the policy. 3. ( ) . forsuch a policy. (. of the war) 4. ( ) . of the policy. 5. ( ) Conclusion. (Making an earnest appeal to.) 2. Please give different meanings of each word and examples. conviction surprise round up horde count on revert thereby reference devoid excel primordial dandified plod swarm smart glare irrevocable yoke divergence slacken woeful moralize prelude exertion impel 3. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions or adverbs. 1) This changed conviction _ certainty. 2) Presently General Dill, who had hastened _ from London, came into my be droom. 3) I knew what we all felt the same _ this issue. 4) The following account by Mr. Colville, who was _ duty this weekend, may be _ interest. 5) During dinner Mr. Churchill said that a German attack _ Russia was now certain. 6) Winant said the same would be true _ the U.S.A. 7) After dinner, Churchill reverted _ this theme. 8) If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference _ the Devil in the House of Commons. 9) I was awoken by a telephone message _ the effect that . 10) The Nazi regime is devoid _ all the theme and principle. 11) I see them guarding their homes where mothers and wives pray _ the safety of their loved ones. 12) I see also the dull, drilled, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding _
likea swarm oflocusts.his13) We have rid the earthis shadowand liberated itspeoplesyoke.14) This is no time to moralizethe follies of countries15) His invasion of Russia is no more than a preludean attempted invasion4. Identify the figure of speech in each sentence(metaphor, allusion, antonomasia, alliteration repetition, parallel structure,antithesis)1. This was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.2. The Nazi regime is devoid of all the theme and principle except appetite3. Behind all this glare, behind all this storm.4. I have to declare the decision of His Majesty's Government5. We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.6. From this nothing will turn us—nothing7. We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination.8. Let us leam the lessons already taught by such cruel experience5.Questions to answer1) Why did Churchill quote from his Private Secretary, Mr. Colville?2) What does the sentence “This was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon."mean?3) In orderto appeal to the audienceWhat sentence structures did Churchill use?What figures of speech did he use?What words did he use?How did he develop his speech? (cf.the structure of the text)
like a swarm of locusts. 13) We have rid the earth _ is shadow and liberated its peoples _ his yoke. 14) This is no time to moralize _ the follies of countries. 15) His invasion of Russia is no more than a prelude _ an attempted invasion. 4. Identify the figure of speech in each sentence. (metaphor, allusion, antonomasia, alliteration repetition, parallel structure, antithesis) 1. This was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon. 2. The Nazi regime is devoid of all the theme and principle except appetite. 3. Behind all this glare, behind all this storm. 4. I have to declare the decision of His Majesty’s Government. 5. We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose. 6. From this nothing will turn us—nothing. 7. We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination. 8. Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. 5. Questions to answer. 1) Why did Churchill quote from his Private Secretary, Mr. Colville? 2) What does the sentence “This was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.” mean? 3) In order to appeal to the audience: What sentence structures did Churchill use? What figures of speech did he use? What words did he use? How did he develop his speech? (cf. the structure of the text)