Chapter 20 Initiation of transcription 清苇大当
Chapter 20 Initiation of transcription
20.1 Introduction 20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits 20.3 Promoter elements are defined by mutations and footprinting 20.4 RNA polymerase I has a bipartite promoter 20.5 RNA polymerase III uses both downstream and upstream promoters 20.6 The startpoint for RNA polymerase II 20.7 TBP is a universal factor 20.8 TBP binds DNA in an unusual way 20.9 The basal apparatus assembles at the promoter 20.10 Initiation is followed by promoter clearance 20.11 A connection between transcription and repair 20.12 Promoters for RNA polymerase II have short sequence elements 20.13 Some promoter-binding proteins are repressors 20.14 Enhancers contain bidirectional elements that assist initiation 20.15 Independent domains bind DNA and activate transcription 20.16 The two hybrid assay detects protein-protein interactions 20.17 Interaction of upstream factors with the basal apparatus 清苇大兰
20.1 Introduction 20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits 20.3 Promoter elements are defined by mutations and footprinting 20.4 RNA polymerase I has a bipartite promoter 20.5 RNA polymerase III uses both downstream and upstream promoters 20.6 The startpoint for RNA polymerase II 20.7 TBP is a universal factor 20.8 TBP binds DNA in an unusual way 20.9 The basal apparatus assembles at the promoter 20.10 Initiation is followed by promoter clearance 20.11 A connection between transcription and repair 20.12 Promoters for RNA polymerase II have short sequence elements 20.13 Some promoter-binding proteins are repressors 20.14 Enhancers contain bidirectional elements that assist initiation 20.15 Independent domains bind DNA and activate transcription 20.16 The two hybrid assay detects protein-protein interactions 20.17 Interaction of upstream factors with the basal apparatus
20.1 Introduction Enhancer element is a cis-acting sequence that increases the utilization of (some)eukaryotic promoters,and can function in either orientation and in any location (upstream or downstream) relative to the promoter. 情莘大当
Enhancer element is a cis-acting sequence that increases the utilization of (some) eukaryotic promoters, and can function in either orientation and in any location (upstream or downstream) relative to the promoter. 20.1 Introduction
20.1 Introduction Enhancer Prom oter Gene ~100bp ~200 bp upstream of startpoint Contains several Separation of Contains dispersed sequence elem ents dosely arranged enhancer from that bind transcription factors. sequence promoter m ay elements that bind be several kb Only the elem ents in the imm ediate transcription vicnity (<50 bp)of the startpoint for transcription are fxed in location Figure 20.1 A typical gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II has a promoter that extends upstream from the site where transcription is initiated.The promoter contains several short(<10 bp)sequence elements that bind transcription factors,dispersed over>200 bp.An enhancer containing a more closely packed array of elements that also bind transcription factors may be located several kb distant.(DNA may be coiled or otherwise rearranged so that transcription factors at the promoter 清菜大当 and at the enhancer interact to form a large protein complex.)
Figure 20.1 A typical gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II has a promoter that extends upstream from the site where transcription is initiated. The promoter contains several short (<10 bp)sequence elements that bind transcription factors, dispersed over >200 bp. An enhancer containing a more closely packed array of elements that also bind transcription factors may be located several kb distant. (DNA may be coiled or otherwise rearranged so that transcription factors at the promoter and at the enhancer interact to form a large protein complex.) 20.1 Introduction
20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits Amanitin (more fully a-amanitin)is a bicyclic octapeptide derived from the poisonous mushroom Amanita phalloides;it inhibits transcription by certain eukaryotic RNA polymerases, especially RNA polymerase II. 情華大当
Amanitin (more fully a-amanitin)is a bicyclic octapeptide derived from the poisonous mushroom Amanita phalloides; it inhibits transcription by certain eukaryotic RNA polymerases, especially RNA polymerase II. 20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits