一、教学方案 ①掌握电导、比电导及摩尔电导率的概念,熟悉电导测定的应用 ②掌握离子迁移数的概念和影响因素; ③了解离子迁移数的测定方法,离子淌度及离子电导的概念;

明确热力学第二定律的意义,了解自发变化的共同 性质;了解第二定律和卡诺定理的联系;掌握U、H、S、F、 G的定义及其物理意义。明确△G在特定条件下的意义及 其判据作用;熟练地计算一些简单过程中的△S、△H、△G 及利用范特霍夫等温式判别化学反应的方向。熟练地运 用吉布斯一亥姆霍兹公式、克拉贝龙和克劳修斯一克拉 贝龙方程式,明确偏摩尔和化学势的意义、热力学第三 定律的意义及其相关计算

一、教学方案 ①掌握瞬时反应速率的表示方法及基元反应、反应级数、速率常数等基本概念: ②明确反应级数与反应分子数的区别;

热力学以三个定律为基础,利用热力学数据,研究平衡系统各宏观性质之间的相 互关系,揭示变化过程的方向和限度。它不涉及粒子的微观性质。 研究对象:大量粒子构成的集合体

1.掌握物质的稳定相的和二相平衡的含义 2.掌握单组分系统相图的特点和应用。 3.掌握二组分系统气-液平衡相图的特点,包括温度-组成

1.理解掌握体系、环境、状态函数的概念 2.理解掌握内能、热和功的概念和相互关系 3.理解焓的物理意义 4.掌握热力学第一定律的应用 5.理解热容的概念及有关计算 6.理解焦耳以及焦耳汤姆逊试验的意义

教学目的:使学生初步了解物理化学学科的形成、发展主要研究内容和研究方法以及物理 化学学科在化学领域所处的重要地位和作用

first three chapters established some fundamental principles concerning the structure of organic molecules. In this chapter we begin our discussion of organic chemical reactions by directing attention to alcohols and alkyl halides. These two rank among the most useful classes of organic compounds because they often serve as starting materials for the preparation of numerous other families

ow that we've reviewed the various bonding models, we are ready to examine organic compounds in respect to their structure, reactions, properties, and appli cations. Were we to list the physical and chemical properties of each of the more than million organic compounds separately, it would tax the capacity of even a pow- erful computer. Yet someone who is trained in organic chemistry can simply look at the structure

drogen peroxide is formed in the cells of plants and animals but is toxic to them. neemen Consequently, living systems hav developed mechanisms to rid themselves of hydrogen peroxide, usually by enzyme-catalyzed reduction to water. An under- standing of how reactions take place, be they reactions in living systems or reactions in