Epidemiology 6th leading cause of death in U.S. Number one Among the infectious diseases 6 million patients annually in US Incidence 5~10/1,000/year Mortality in OPD patients 1-5 % but Inpatients 25%, ICU 50-60%

Classification of diabetes(ADA -1997) Type 1 .(beta-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency) Autoimmune Idiopathic Type2 (may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with or without insulin resistance)

Respiratory failure Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) dyspnea Hypoxemia hypercapnia Respiratory Support Mechanical ventilation

How to Teach Internal Medicine 2005.2-7: Lecture_(Bilingual teaching) 2005.9-2006.1 Bedside teaching: rotation for weeks, including Respiratory system, Cardiovascular system, Gastrointestinal system, Kidney and urinary system, Endocrinology, Hematology, etc

Cirrhosis---definition chronic, progressed, diffuse hepatocellular injury fibrosis nodular regeneration Incidence: 17/100000/y Age: 20-50 yr

定义 各种原因引起的肠道炎症性疾病 (广义).通常所说的炎症性肠病是溃疡 性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis UC) 和克罗恩病(Crohn's diaease CD)

Hypothalamic-pituitary- thyroid axis Hypothalamus TRH Stimulation Inhibition Free Hormone-> ←Bound Hormone

血压的测量 ·诊所血压:标准测量方式。方便,常用 24小时动态血压:使用国际标准的装置 ·考虑:诊所血压变化大;与自测血压相差明显;低危者; 疑有治疗抵抗;研究需要 ·优点:与靶器官损害相关性更好;心血管危险预测强度更 高;记录对治疗反应更准确

定义 除心脏瓣膜病、冠心病、高血 压心脏病、肺心病和先心以外,以 心肌病变为主要表现的一组疾病

The term vasculitis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized pathologically by evidence of blood vessel inflammation and clinically by a diverse set of symptoms and signs