侣里 H CH2CH3 CH2OH CH2OH OH CH3NO2+3 HCHO HOCH2 C-NO2 H2 ,HOCH2C-NH CH2OH CH2OH a一负C HO CH2NO2 HO CH2NH2 NaOC2H5 AcOH H2 CH3NO2 Ni 78≈84%
78～84% CH3NO2 + HCHO OHHOCH2 C NO2 CH2OH CH2OH H2 HOCH2 C NH2 CH2OH CH2OH 3 O + CH3NO2 NaOC2 H5 AcOH HO CH2NO2 HO CH2NH2 H2 Ni －负C
3、硝基对苯环取代基的影响 (1)使苯环中卤素的活泼性加强 CI ONa OH NO2 NaHCO3溶液 NO2 OH ONa OH NO2 NaHCO3溶液 NO2 H NO2 OH NO2 NO2 NO2 CI ONa OH O2N NO2 NaHCO,溶液O2N O2N NO OH H* 35℃ NO2
3、硝基对苯环取代基的影响 （1）使苯环中卤素的活泼性加强 Cl NO2 ONa NO2 OH NO2 + OH - NaHCO3 溶液 H+ Cl NO2 NO2 + OH - NaHCO3溶液 ONa NO2 NO2 H+ OH NO2 NO2 Cl NO2 NO2 O2N + OH - NaHCO3溶液 ONa NO2 NO2 O2N H+ OH NO2 NO2 O2N 35 o c
2)使酚的酸性上升 CH3 OH 02N NO2 NO2 pKa 9.89 7.15 0.38
(2)使酚的酸性上升 OH OH NO2 OH NO2 O2 N NO2 pKa 9.89 7.15 0.38
第二节胺 CH2CH3 一、结构与分类 Amines Structure and Classification of Amines
第二节 胺 一、结构与分类 Structure and Classification of Amines Amines
Amines are... CH2CH3 organic derivatives of ammonia (NH3). both a base and a nucleophile. Amines are used in... ·Anesthetics(麻醉剂). ·dyes. ·Pharmaceuticals(药品) polymers
Amines are used in… • Anesthetics（麻醉剂）. • dyes. • Pharmaceuticals（药品）. • polymers. Amines are… • organic derivatives of ammonia (NH3 ). • both a base and a nucleophile