Physiology of theFemale ReproductiveSystemLiu WeiDepartment of Ob & GyRenJihospital
Physiology of the Female Reproductive System Liu Wei Department of Ob & Gy Ren Ji hospital
Physiological StagesNeonatal period:birth---4weeks Childhood: 4 weeks----12 years Puberty: 12 years---18 yearsSexual maturation: 18 year---50 year.Perimenopause:decline of ovarianfunction (40 years)----1 yearpostmenopausePostmenopause:
Physiological Stages • Neonatal period: birth-4 weeks • Childhood: 4 weeks-12 years • Puberty: 12 years-18 years • Sexual maturation: 18 year-50 year • Perimenopause: decline of ovarian function (40 years)-1 year postmenopause • Postmenopause:
MenstruationMenstruationcyclic endometrium sheds and bleeds due tocyclic ovulationMenseEndometrium is sloughed (progesteronewithdrawal)2. Nonclotting menstrual blood mainly comesfrom artery (75%)3. Interval: 24-35 days (28 days). duration: 2-6days. the first day of menstrual bleeding isconsideredybyday1.Shedding: 30-50 ml4
Menstruation • Menstruation cyclic endometrium sheds and bleeds due to cyclic ovulation • Mense 1. Endometrium is sloughed (progesterone withdrawal) 2. Nonclotting menstrual blood mainly comes from artery (75%) 3. Interval: 24-35 days (28 days). duration: 2-6 days. the first day of menstrual bleeding is consideredy by day 1 4. Shedding: 30-50 ml
Central reproductive hormonesHypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary(H-P-Oaxis)GONADAL STEROIDSLOWUNCHANGEDADULT LEVELOPERATIVEDECREASINGOPERATIVE ATFEEDBACKANDSENSITIVEIN SENSITIVITYADULT LEVELGONADOTROPINSLOWINCREASINGADULT LEVELHYPOTHALAMUSHYPOTHALAMUSHYPOTHALAMUSLHRFYFSHRFPITUITARYPITUITARYPITUITARYFSHLHFSHMLHFSHLHGONADALGONADALSECRETIONSSECRETIONSGONADGONADGONADADULTINITIATION OF PUBERTYPRE PUBERTY
Central reproductive hormones • Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary(H-P-O axis)
Central reproductivehormonesNeuroendocrine regulationGonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH1)chemical structure(pro)Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH,2)Synthesize and transportnerve cellsportal veinanterior lobehypothalamuspitutary
Central reproductive hormones • Neuroendocrine regulation 1. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH 1) chemical structure (pro)Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2 2) Synthesize and transport nerve cells hypothalamus portal vein pitutary anterior lobe