means of resolution thereof established by federal law, including the right to strike, is recognized )Everyone has the right to rest and leisure. A person having a work contract is guaranteed the statutory duration of the work time, days off and holidays, and paid annual vacation. Article 38 [Children, Family (1)Motherhood and childhood, and the family are under state protection. (2)Care for children and their upbringing are the equal right and duty of the parents. () Employable children who have reached 18 years of age must take care of their non-employable parents Article 39 [Social Security (1) Everyone is guaranteed social security in old age, in case of disease, invalidity, loss of breadwinner, to bring up children and in other cases established by law. (2)State pensions and social benefits are established by laws () Voluntary social insurer relopment of additional forms of social security and charity are encouraged Article 40 [Housing (1) Everyone has the right to a home. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of a home (2)State bodies and organs of local self-government encourage home construction and create conditions for the realization of the right to a (3)Low-income citizens and other citizens, defined by the law, who are in eed of housing are housed free of charge or for affordable pay from government, municipal and other housing funds in conformity with the norms stipulated by the law. (1) Everyone has the right to health care and medical assistance. Medical assistance is made available by state and municipal health care institutions to citizens free of charge, with the money from the relevant udget, insurance payments another revenues ()The Russian Federation finances federal health care and health-building programs, take measures to develop state, municipal and private health care systems, encourage activities contributing to the strengthening of the mans health, to the development of physical culture and sport, and to ecological, sanitary and epidemiologic welfare ()Concealment by officials of facts and circumstances posing hazards to human life and health result in their liability in conformance with federal law. Article 42 [ Environment] Everyone has the right to a favorable environment, reliable information about its condition and to compensation for the dam aused to his her health or property by ecological violations. Article 43 Education (1) Everyone has the right to education (2)The accessibility and gratuity of pre-school, general secondary and institutions and enterprises are guaranteed (3)Everyone has the right to receive, free of charge and on a competitive asis, higher education in a state or municipal educational institution or enterpnse (4) Basic general education is mandatory. Parents or persons substituting for them must provide for their children to receive basic general education The Russian Federation institutes federal state educational standards nd support various forms of education and self-educatie Article 44 [Arts, Sciences, Culture (1) Everyone is guaranteed freedom of literary, artistic, scientific, intellectual and other types of creative activity and tuition
means of resolution thereof established by federal law, including the right to strike, is recognized. (5) Everyone has the right to rest and leisure. A person having a work contract is guaranteed the statutory duration of the work time, days off and holidays, and paid annual vacation. Article 38 [Children, Family] (1) Motherhood and childhood, and the family are under state protection. (2) Care for children and their upbringing are the equal right and duty of the parents. (3) Employable children who have reached 18 years of age must take care of their non-employable parents. Article 39 [Social Security] (1) Everyone is guaranteed social security in old age, in case of disease, invalidity, loss of breadwinner,to bring up children and in other cases established by law. (2) State pensions and social benefits are established by laws. (3) Voluntary social insurance, development of additional forms of social security and charity are encouraged. Article 40 [Housing] (1) Everyone has the right to a home. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of a home. (2) State bodies and organs of local self-government encourage home construction and create conditions for the realization of the right to a home. (3) Low-income citizens and other citizens, defined by the law, who are in need of housing are housed free of charge or for affordable pay from government, municipal and other housing funds in conformity with the norms stipulated by the law. Article 41 [Health Care] (1) Everyone has the right to health care and medical assistance. Medical assistance is made available by state and municipal health care institutions to citizens free of charge, with the money from the relevant budget, insurance payments another revenues. (2) The Russian Federation finances federal health care and health-building programs, take measures to develop state, municipal and private health care systems, encourage activities contributing to the strengthening of the man's health, to the development of physical culture and sport, and to ecological, sanitary and epidemiologic welfare. (3) Concealment by officials of facts and circumstances posing hazards to human life and health result in their liability in conformance with federal law. Article 42 [Environment] Everyone has the right to a favorable environment, reliable information about its condition and to compensation for the damage caused to his or her health or property by ecological violations. Article 43 [Education] (1) Everyone has the right to education. (2) The accessibility and gratuity of pre-school, general secondary and vocational secondary education in public and municipal educational institutions and enterprises are guaranteed. (3) Everyone has the right to receive, free of charge and on a competitive basis, higher education in a state or municipal educational institution or enterprise. (4) Basic general education is mandatory. Parents or persons substituting for them must provide for their children to receive basic general education. (5) The Russian Federation institutes federal state educational standards and support various forms of education and self-education. Article 44 [Arts, Sciences, Culture] (1) Everyone is guaranteed freedom of literary, artistic, scientific, intellectual and other types of creative activity and tuition
Intellectual property is protected by the law (2) Everyone has the right to participation in cultural life, to the use of institutions of culture and access to cultural values. () Everyone has the responsibility to care for the preservation of the historic and cultural heritage and safeguard landmarks of history and culture Article 45 [State Protection (1)State protection for human rights and liberties in the Russian Federation is guaranteed. (2) Everyone has the right to defend his or her rights and liberties by any means not prohibited by the law. Article 46[Legal Protection] (1) Everyone is guaranteed protection of his or her rights and liberties (2)The decisions and actions(or inaction)of state organs, organs of local self-government, public associations and officials may be appealed (3) In conformity with the international treaties of the Federation, everyone has the right to concerned with the protection of human rights and liberties when all the means of legal protection available within the state have been e Article 47 [Access to the Courts (1) No one may be denied the right to having his or her case reviewed by the court and the judge under whose jurisdiction the given case falls under the law (2)Anyone charged with a crime has the right to have his or her case reviewed by a court of law with the participation of jurors in stipulated by the federal law. (1) Everyone is guaranteed the right to qualified legal counsel. Legal counsel is provided free of charge in cases stipulated by the law (2) Every person who has been detained, taken into custody or charged with a crime has the right to legal counsel (defense attorney) from the moment of, respectively, detention or indictment. (1) Everyone charged with a crime is considered not guilty until his or the federal law and established by the verdict of a court of law. (2)The defendant ist not obliged to prove his or her (3)The benefit of doubt is interpreted in favor of the defendant. Article 50 [Ne Bis In Idem] ()No one may be repeatedly convicted for the same offense (2)In the administration of justice no evidence obtained in violation of the federal law is allowed () Everyone sentenced for a crime has the right to have the sentence reviewed by a higher court according to the pro instituted by the federal law, and also the right to plea for clemency or mitigation punishment Article 51 (Right to Remain Silent] (I)No one is obliged to give evidence against himself or herself, for his her spouse and close relatives, the range of which are established by the federal law (2)The federal law may stipulate other exemptions from the obligation to give evidence The rights of persons who have sustained harm from crimes and abuses of power is protected by the law. The state guarantees the victims access te stice and compensation for damage Article 53[Compensation] Everyone has the right to compensation by the state for the damage caused
Intellectual property is protected by the law. (2) Everyone has the right to participation in cultural life, to the use of institutions of culture, and access to cultural values. (3) Everyone has the responsibility to care for the preservation of the historic and cultural heritage and safeguard landmarks of history and culture. Article 45 [State Protection] (1) State protection for human rights and liberties in the Russian Federation is guaranteed. (2) Everyone has the right to defend his or her rights and liberties by any means not prohibited by the law. Article 46 [Legal Protection] (1) Everyone is guaranteed protection of his or her rights and liberties in a court of law. (2) The decisions and actions (or inaction) of state organs, organs of local self-government, public associations and officials may be appealed against in a court of law. (3) In conformity with the international treaties of the Russian Federation, everyone has the right to turn to interstate organs concerned with the protection of human rights and liberties when all the means of legal protection available within the state have been exhausted. Article 47 [Access to the Courts] (1) No one may be denied the right to having his or her case reviewed by the court and the judge under whose jurisdiction the given case falls under the law. (2) Anyone charged with a crime has the right to have his or her case reviewed by a court of law with the participation of jurors in cases stipulated by the federal law. Article 48 [Counsel] (1) Everyone is guaranteed the right to qualified legal counsel. Legal counsel is provided free of charge in cases stipulated by the law. (2) Every person who has been detained, taken into custody or charged with a crime has the right to legal counsel (defense attorney) from the moment of, respectively, detention or indictment. Article 49 [Innocence] (1) Everyone charged with a crime is considered not guilty until his or her guilt has been proven in conformity with the procedures stipulated by the federal law and established by the verdict of a court of law. (2) The defendant ist not obliged to prove his or her innocence. (3) The benefit of doubt is interpreted in favor of the defendant. Article 50 [Ne Bis In Idem] (1) No one may be repeatedly convicted for the same offense. (2) In the administration of justice no evidence obtained in violation of the federal law is allowed. (3) Everyone sentenced for a crime has the right to have the sentence reviewed by a higher court according to the procedure instituted by the federal law, and also the right to plea for clemency or mitigation punishment. Article 51 [Right to Remain Silent] (1) No one is obliged to give evidence against himself or herself, for his or her spouse and close relatives, the range of which are established by the federal law. (2) The federal law may stipulate other exemptions from the obligation to give evidence. Article 52 [Victims] The rights of persons who have sustained harm from crimes and abuses of power is protected by the law. The state guarantees the victims access to justice and compensation for damage. Article 53 [Compensation] Everyone has the right to compensation by the state for the damage caused
by unlawful actions(or inaction)of state organs, or their officials Article 54 [Retroactive Laws (1) retroactive force (2) No one may be held liable for an action which was not recognized as an offense at the time of its commitment If liability for an offense has been lifted or mitigated after its perpetration, the new law applies. (1)The listing of the basic rights and liberties in the Constitution may not be interpreted as the denial or belittlement of the other commonly recognized human and citizens rights and liberties. (2)No laws denying or belittling human and civil rights and liberties may be issued in the russian Federation ()Human and civil rights and liberties may be restricted by the federal law only to the extent required for the protection of the fundamentals of the constitutional system, morality, health, rights and lawful interests of other persons, for ensuring the defense of the country and the security fthe state Article 56[Restrictions Individual Restrictions of rights and liberties with identification of the extent and of their duration may be instituted in conformity with the federal constitutional law under conditions of the state of emergency in order to ensure the safety of citizens and protection of the constitutional system. (2)A state of emergency throughout the territory of the russian Federation and in individual areas thereof may be introduced in the circumstances and in conformity with the procedures defined by the federal constitutional law ()The rights and liberties stipulated by Articles 20, 21, 23(1), 24, 28, 34(1), 40(1), 46-34 of the Constitution are not subject to restriction Article 57 Duty to Pay Taxes Everyone is obliged to pay lawful taxes and fees. Laws introducing ne taxes or worsening the situation of tax payers may not have retroactive Article 58 Duty to Protect the Environment] Everyone is obliged to preserve nature and the environment, and care for natural wealth Article 59[Military Service (1) Defense of the homeland is a duty and obligation of the citizen of the Russian Federation (2)The citizen of the Russian Federation do military service in conformity with the federal lay ()The citizen of the Russian Federation whose convictions and faith are at odds with military service, and also in other cases stipulated by the federal law has the right to the substitution of an alternative ci servIce Article 60 [Legal Age The citizen of the Russian Federation is recognized to be of legal age and may independently er his rights and duties in full upon reaching the age of 18 Article 61 [ Extradition] (1)The citizen of the Russian Federation may not be deported out of Russia or extradited to another state (2)The Russian Federation guarantees its citizens defense and patronage beyond its boundaries (1)The citizen of the Russian Federation may have the citizenship of foreign state(dual citizenship) in conformity with the federal law or intemational treaty of the Russian Federation. (2)Possession of the citizenship of a foreign state by the citizen of the Russian Federation does not belittle his or her ranks and liberties or
by unlawful actions (or inaction) of state organs, or their officials. Article 54 [Retroactive Laws] (1) The law instituting or aggravating the liability of a person has no retroactive force. (2) No one may be held liable for an action which was not recognized as an offense at the time of its commitment. If liability for an offense has been lifted or mitigated after its perpetration, the new law applies. Article 55 [Limits on Restrictions] (1) The listing of the basic rights and liberties in the Constitution may not be interpreted as the denial or belittlement of the other commonly recognized human and citizens' rights and liberties. (2) No laws denying or belittling human and civil rights and liberties may be issued in the Russian Federation. (3) Human and civil rights and liberties may be restricted by the federal law only to the extent required for the protection of the fundamentals of the constitutional system, morality, health, rights and lawful interests of other persons, for ensuring the defense of the country and the security of the state. Article 56 [Restrictions] Individual Restrictions of rights and liberties with identification of the extent and of their duration may be instituted in conformity with the federal constitutional law under conditions of the state of emergency in order to ensure the safety of citizens and protection of the constitutional system. (2) A state of emergency throughout the territory of the Russian Federation and in individual areas thereof may be introduced in the circumstances and in conformity with the procedures defined by the federal constitutional law. (3) The rights and liberties stipulated by Articles 20, 21, 23 (1), 24, 28, 34 (1), 40 (1), 46-54 of the Constitution are not subject to restriction. Article 57 [Duty to Pay Taxes] Everyone is obliged to pay lawful taxes and fees. Laws introducing new taxes or worsening the situation of tax payers may not have retroactive force. Article 58 [Duty to Protect the Environment] Everyone is obliged to preserve nature and the environment, and care for natural wealth. Article 59 [Military Service] (1) Defense of the homeland is a duty and obligation of the citizen of the Russian Federation. (2) The citizen of the Russian Federation do military service in conformity with the federal law. (3) The citizen of the Russian Federation whose convictions and faith are at odds with military service, and also in other cases stipulated by the federal law has the right to the substitution of an alternative civil service for military service. Article 60 [Legal Age] The citizen of the Russian Federation is recognized to be of legal age and may independently exercise his rights and duties in full upon reaching the age of 18. Article 61 [Extradition] (1) The citizen of the Russian Federation may not be deported out of Russia or extradited to another state. (2) The Russian Federation guarantees its citizens defense and patronage beyond its boundaries. Article 62 [Dual Citizenship] (1) The citizen of the Russian Federation may have the citizenship of a foreign state (dual citizenship) in conformity with the federal law or international treaty of the Russian Federation. (2) Possession of the citizenship of a foreign state by the citizen of the Russian Federation does not belittle his or her ranks and liberties or
exempt him or her from the duties stemming from Russian citizenship unless otherwise stipulated by the federal law or intemational treaty of the () Foreign citizens and stateless persons enjoy in the Russian Federation the rights of its citizens and bear their duties with the exception of ses stipulated by the federal law or international treaty of the Russian Article 63 [Asylum] (I)The Russian Federation grants political asylum to foreign citizens and stateless citizens in conformity with the commonly recognized norms of the (2)The extradition of persons persecuted for their political views or any actions(or inaction), which are not qualified inal by the law of the russian Federation, to other states is not allowed in the russiar Federation. The extradition of charged with and also the over of convicts for serving time in other countries is effected on the basis of the federal law or intemational treaty of the Russian Federation Article 64 [Change by Amendmen The provisions of these articles form the basis of personal rights in the ussian Federation and may not be changed other than by the means set forth in this constitution Chapter 3 Russian Federation Article 65 Republ (1)The Russian Federation consists of the subjects of the Federation Republic of Adygeya(Adygeya), Republic of Altai, Republic of Ingushetia, Kabardin-Balkar Republic, Republic of Kalmykia Khalmg Tangch, Karachayevo-Cherkess Republic, Republic of Karelia, Republic of Komi, Republic of Mari El, Republic of Mordovia, Republic of Sakha(Yakutia), Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan), Republic of Tuva, Udmurt Republic, Republic of Khakasia, Chechen Republic, Chuvash Republic - Chavash Republics: Altai Territory, Krasnodar Territory, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Maritime Territory, Stavropol Territory, Khabarovsk Territory, Amur Region, Arkhangelsk Region, Astrakhan Region, Belgorod Region, Bryansk Region, Vladimir Region, Volgograd Region, Vologda Region, Voronezh Region, Ivanovo Region, Irkutsk Region, Kaliningrad Region, Kaluga Region, Kamchatka Region, Kemerovo Region, Kirov Region, Kostroma Region, Kurgan Region, Kursk Region, Leningrad Region, Lipetsk Region, Magadan Region, Moscow Region, Murmansk Region, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Novgorod Region, Novosibirsk Region, Omsk Region, Orenburg Region, Oryol Region, Penza Region, Perm Region, Pskov Region, Rostov Region, Ryazan Region, Samara Region, Saratov Region, Sakhalin Region, Sverdlovsk Region, Smolensk Region, Tambov Region, Tver Region, Tomsk Region, Tula Relation, Tyumen Region, Ulyanovsk Region, Chelyabinsk Region, Chita Region, Yaroslavl Region; Moscow, St Petersburg federal cities; Jewish Autonomous Region, Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Autonomous Area, Taimyr(Dolgan- Nenets) Autonomous Area, Ust-Ordynsky Buryat Autonomous Area, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area, Chukchi Autonomous rea, Evenk Autonomous Area, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area. (2)Accession to the Russian Federation and formation of a new subject of the Russian Federation within it is carried out as envisaged by the federal constitutional law Article 66[Territories, Regions (I)The status of a republic is defined by the Constitution and the (2)The status of a territory, region, federal city, and autonomous region and autonomous area is determined by Constitution and the Charter of the territory, region, city of federal importance, autonomous region autonomous area, adopted by the legislative(representative)body of the relevant subject of the Russian Federation. ()A federal law on autonomous region, autonomous area may be adopted at
exempt him or her from the duties stemming from Russian citizenship unless otherwise stipulated by the federal law or international treaty of the Russian Federation. (3) Foreign citizens and stateless persons enjoy in the Russian Federation the rights of its citizens and bear their duties with the exception of cases stipulated by the federal law or international treaty of the Russian Federation. Article 63 [Asylum] (1) The Russian Federation grants political asylum to foreign citizens and stateless citizens in conformity with the commonly recognized norms of the international law. (2) The extradition of persons persecuted for their political views or any actions (or inaction), which are not qualified as criminal by the law of the Russian Federation, to other states is not allowed in the Russian Federation. The extradition of persons charged with crimes and also the hand-over of convicts for serving time in other countries is effected on the basis of the federal law or international treaty of the Russian Federation. Article 64 [Change by Amendment] The provisions of these articles form the basis of personal rights in the Russian Federation and may not be changed other than by the means set forth in this constitution. Chapter 3 Russian Federation Article 65 [Republics] (1) The Russian Federation consists of the subjects of the Federation: Republic of Adygeya (Adygeya), Republic of Altai, Republic of Bashkortostan, Republic of Buryatia, Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Ingushetia, Kabardin-Balkar Republic, Republic of Kalmykia -- Khalmg Tangch, Karachayevo-Cherkess Republic, Republic of Karelia, Republic of Komi, Republic of Mari El, Republic of Mordovia, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan), Republic of Tuva, Udmurt Republic, Republic of Khakasia, Chechen Republic, Chuvash Republic -- Chavash Republics; Altai Territory, Krasnodar Territory, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Maritime Territory, Stavropol Territory, Khabarovsk Territory; Amur Region, Arkhangelsk Region, Astrakhan Region, Belgorod Region, Bryansk Region, Vladimir Region, Volgograd Region, Vologda Region, Voronezh Region, Ivanovo Region, Irkutsk Region, Kaliningrad Region, Kaluga Region, Kamchatka Region, Kemerovo Region, Kirov Region, Kostroma Region, Kurgan Region, Kursk Region, Leningrad Region, Lipetsk Region, Magadan Region, Moscow Region, Murmansk Region, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Novgorod Region, Novosibirsk Region, Omsk Region, Orenburg Region, Oryol Region, Penza Region, Perm Region, Pskov Region, Rostov Region, Ryazan Region, Samara Region, Saratov Region, Sakhalin Region, Sverdlovsk Region, Smolensk Region, Tambov Region, Tver Region, Tomsk Region, Tula Relation, Tyumen Region, Ulyanovsk Region, Chelyabinsk Region, Chita Region, Yaroslavl Region; Moscow, St. Petersburg -- federal cities; Jewish Autonomous Region; Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Area, Komi-Permyak Autonomous Area, Koryak Autonomous Area, Nenets Autonomous Area, Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) Autonomous Area, Ust-Ordynsky Buryat Autonomous Area, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area, Chukchi Autonomous Area, Evenk Autonomous Area, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area. (2) Accession to the Russian Federation and formation of a new subject of the Russian Federation within it is carried out as envisaged by the federal constitutional law. Article 66 [Territories, Regions] (1) The status of a republic is defined by the Constitution and the constitution of the republic in question. (2) The status of a territory, region, federal city, and autonomous region and autonomous area is determined by Constitution and the Charter of the territory, region, city of federal importance, autonomous region, autonomous area, adopted by the legislative (representative) body of the relevant subject of the Russian Federation. (3) A federal law on autonomous region, autonomous area may be adopted at