(1966) (1976) (2008) Peyton Ross Baruch Blumberg Harald zur hausen Rous sarcoma virus Hepatitis B Virus Human Papilloma Virus (Rockefeller Univ) (Inst for Cancer Res (German Cancer Research Philadelphia) Centre, Heidelberg Nobel Prize Winners in Tumor Virology
Nobel Prize Winners in Tumor Virology
How do viruses contribute to Cancer? y Integrations that cause activation or inactivation of oncogenes or tumor suppressors(e.g RNA Viruses) y Expression of genes that alter key signal transduction pathways-this is our focus Chronic activation of inflammatory responses
7 Integrations that cause activation or inactivation of oncogenes or tumor suppressors (e.g. RNA viruses) Expression of genes that alter key signal transduction pathways - this is our focus Chronic activation of inflammatory responses How do Viruses Contribute to Cancer?
Why do viruses cause cancer? a Viruses and cancer cells have similar needs: Proliferation control Cell death control Modulation of immune response Induction of vascularization Metastasis(tumor) cell migration(viruses)
Viruses and cancer cells have similar needs: • Proliferation control • Cell death control • Modulation of immune response • Induction of vascularization • Metastasis (tumor)/ cell migration (viruses) Why do viruses cause cancer?
Major human Oncogenic Viruses 口 DNA VIRUSES .Small dna tumor viruses - Adenovirus意 Hepatitis virus B(HBv) Human Papilloma virus(HPV Merkel cell polyma virus(MCV, JCv) .Herpesviruses(large) Epstein Barr virus(EBV Kaposis Sarcoma Herpesvirus( KSHv) 口 RNA VIRUSES Human T-cell Leukemia Virus 1(HTLV1) Hepatitis virus C(HCv HⅣ
DNA VIRUSES •Small DNA tumor viruses - Adenovirus - Hepatitis virus B (HBV) - Human Papilloma virus (HPV) - Merkel cell polyma virus (MCV, JCV) •Herpesviruses (large) - Epstein Barr virus (EBV) - Kaposi’s Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) RNA VIRUSES - Human T-cell Leukemia Virus 1 (HTLV1) - Hepatitis virus C (HCV) - HIV Major human Oncogenic Viruses - Human Papilloma virus (HPV) •Herpesviruses (large)
If you're infected, does this mean that you will get cancer? No! Viruses did not specifically evolve with the need to cause cancer-they simply have similar(but distinct needs Development of tumors almost always requires: Additional genetic alterations and/or Compromised host (e.g. immuno-suppression
• No! Viruses did not specifically evolve with the need to cause cancer - they simply have similar (but distinct) needs Development of tumors almost always requires: • Additional genetic alterations and/or • Compromised host (e.g. immuno-suppression) If you’re infected, does this mean that you will get cancer?