、理论基础 °3.基因是可以转移的; °4.多肽和基因之间存在对应关系;
l 3. 基因是可以转移的； l 4. 多肽和基因之间存在对应关系；
One Gene. One Protein One Gene, One Polypeptide chain 镰刀形细胞贫血症。正常HbA四条多肽链(2亲链,两亲β链) Vernon M. Ingram证明β第六位氨基瞼HbA是谷氨酸,HbS是缬氨酸。 Normal individual Sickle-cell individual Sickling of red blood cells destruction Clumping of Accumulation of sickle cells interference with of red blood cells Anemia Local failures 1. The polypeptide the阝 chain of hemoglobin gue, heart damage, Glutamic acid bone marrow brain, lung 2. The protein gastrointestinal tract a and two (c)B-chain substitutions/variants 阝 chains) mino acid position o proteins Normal (Hb Val 3. Red blood Val His Leu val Glu Glu His Val Glu His HbC Val His Leu Lys GluGlu His Val Glu His thousands HbG San Jose of hemoglobin HbE Val His Leu GluGlu Lys His Val Glu His HbM Saskatoon Val His Leu Glu GluGlu tyr val Glu Hi Sickle-shaped I HbM Milwaukee 1 Val His Leu Glu Glu Glu His Glu Glu His HbDB Punjab Val His Leu Glu Glu Glu His Val GIn His 证明基因与氨基酸之间存在直接对应关系的第一个直接证据
镰刀形细胞贫血症。正常HbA四条多肽链（2条链，两条链） Vernon M. Ingram证明链第六位氨基酸HbA是谷氨酸，HbS是缬氨酸。 证明基因与氨基酸之间存在直接对应关系的第一个直接证据
、理论基础 5.遗传密码是通用的;
l 5. 遗传密码是通用的；
生命的语言 tRNA UCA anticodon A UG A G U codon UA C mRNA 3 2nd base in codon □UcAG Phe Ser Cys Phe Ser Tyr Leu Ser L Ser STOP Trp 8s08o Leu PPPP GG UCAGUCAGUCAGUCAG adgn5o In As A er yu Ar Val Gly Val s即印 As Gly Val Glu GI AlaGlu The genetic Code
DNA Replication DNA duplicates 入AAAA d0M DNA Information Transcription 所谓“中心 RNA synthesis 法则”,是指 RNA mRNA nucleus 遗传信息在细 Informalion cytoplasm 胞内的生物大 nuclear envelope 分子之间转移 Translation Protein synthesis 或传递的基本 法则。 The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
所谓“中心 法则” ，是指 遗传信息在细 胞内的生物大 分子之间转移 或传递的基本 法则