Pumping Storage tanks station Flocculant Raw water reservoir Mixing tank Flocculation tank Particulate filter Consumer Raw water held 2A Water is mixed 28 As aggregates 3 Water 5 Water is stored in reservoir to with flocculant of floc settle out. undergoes before use by allow particulates they carry colloidal filtration consumers to settle particles out of 4 Water is disinfected suspension by chlorination, ozone treatment, or exposure to UVlight 饮用水的微生物指标: 总菌数<100个/ml;大肠杆菌<3个/100mL;致病菌不得检出 思考:一般大肠杆菌并不致病,为何还要以大肠杆菌为指标? 16 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程 《微生物的世界》
16 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程《微生物的世界》 饮用水的微生物指标: 总菌数<100个/ml;大肠杆菌<3 个/100mL;致病菌不得检出 思考:一般大肠杆菌并不致病,为何还要以大肠杆菌为指标?
上游充通大 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 水体自身存在自我净化作用 a)致病菌一般对营养要求苛刻,因此在一般的 水中只能存活2-3天; b)水表微生物会受辐射等作用而被杀灭 C)原生动物等的吞噬作用 d)由固形物吸附再沉积到水底 17 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程《微生物的世界》
17 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程《微生物的世界》 a) 致病菌一般对营养要求苛刻,因此在一般的 水中只能存活 2-3天; b) 水表微生物会受辐射等作用而被杀灭 c) 原生动物等的吞噬作用 d) 由固形物吸附再沉积到水底 水体自身存在自我净化作用
Input (sewage, other Bacteria, waste- organic carbon,and BOD waters) Algae and 02 cyanobacteria 02 NO3 NH4+and PO43- 1■■■■■■9 Distance downstream- Figure 19-10a Brock Biology of Microorganisms 11/e 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall,Inc. 河流受到生活污水或富含有机物的污水污染后的自净化Effect of input of sewage or other organic-rich waste-waters into River 18 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程 《微生物的世界》
18 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程《微生物的世界》 河流受到生活污水或富含有机物的污水污染后的自净化Effect of input of sewage or other organic-rich waste-waters into River
上泽通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 湖泊生态系统 温带的夏季湖泊是一种分层的水体Lake during the summer in temperate climates is a Stratified water body 变温层Warmer,less dense surface layer-epilimnion 温跃层Layer that temperature change quickly- thermocline ·均温层Colder,denser bottom layer-hypolimnion Lake surface 0 2 Temperature 4 Epilimnion 6 Thermocline 8 Hypolimnion 10 12 H2S 14 Sediments 16 6 1002(mg/川) 0 1 2 34 5 H2S(mg/l) 0 4 12 16 20 Temp(C) Figure 19-9 Brock Biology of Microorganisms 11/e 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程 《微生物的世界》 Prentice Hall,Inc
19 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程《微生物的世界》 湖泊生态系统 温带的夏季湖泊是一种分层的水体Lake during the summer in temperate climates is a Stratified water body • 变温层Warmer, less dense surface layer-epilimnion • 温跃层Layer that temperature change quicklythermocline • 均温层Colder, denser bottom layer-hypolimnion
上游充通大学 图片来自Brock's Biology of Microorganisms SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Lake surface 02 2 Temperature Epilimnion 变温层 6 Thermocline 温跃层 8 Hypolimnion 10 均温层 12 H2S 14 Sediments1 0 2 4 6 8 1002(mg/ 0 1 2 3 4 5 H2S(mg/I) 0 4 8 12 16 20 Temp (C) Oxic-anoxic-oxic:summer-winter-summer Typically,as surface waters cool in the fall and early winter they reach the temperature and density of hypolimnetic waters and sink,displacing bottom waters and effecting "lake turnover." 20 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程《微生物的世界》
20 上海交通大学通识教育核心课程《微生物的世界》 均温层 温跃层 变温层 Oxic-anoxic-oxic: summer-winter-summer Typically, as surface waters cool in the fall and early winter they reach the temperature and density of hypolimnetic waters and sink, displacing bottom waters and effecting “lake turnover.” 图片来自Brock’s Biology of Microorganisms