1.Functional group transformations Ketones can be synthesized by the oxidation of secondary (20) alcohols. Methyl ketones can be synthesized from terminal alkynes. R-C≡CH HgSO4R-C-CHs H2S04
1. Functional group transformations Ketones can be synthesized by the oxidation of secondary（20） alcohols. Methyl ketones can be synthesized from terminal alkynes. R C CH HgSO4 H2SO4 R C CH3 O
carbon-carbon bond formation Ketones can be synthesized from the reaction of acid chlorides with organocuprate reagents,or from the reaction of nitriles with a Grignard or organolithium reagent.(Topic K6,04)
2. carbon-carbon bond formation Ketones can be synthesized from the reaction of acid chlorides with organocuprate reagents, or from the reaction of nitriles with a Grignard or organolithium reagent.(Topic K6,O4)
2.carbon-carbon bond formation Aromatic ketones can be synthesized by the Friedel-Crafts acylation of an aromatic ring. R一CCl anhy.AICl
2. carbon-carbon bond formation Aromatic ketones can be synthesized by the Friedel-Crafts acylation of an aromatic ring. anhy. AlCl3 C R Cl O C R O
3.C-C Bond cleavage obtained from the ozonolysis of suitably substituted alkenes. R ice-cold R R" chloroform R R" ozonide H2o /Ht R Zn dust c=0 R
3. C-C Bond cleavage obtained from the ozonolysis of suitably substituted alkenes. C C R R' R'' R''' + O3 ice-cold chloroform C O C O O R R' R'' R''' ozonide H2O /H Zn dust C O R' R O C R'' R
Section J2 Properties 大行十 Nature of the Carbonyl Group The carbonyl group is planar with bond angles of120°，and consists of two sp2 hybridized atoms(C o: and O)linked by a strong a bond and a weaker z bond
Section J2 Properties Section J2 Properties The carbonyl group is planar with bond angles of 120 °, and consists of two sp2 hybridized atoms (C and O) linked by a strong a bond and a weaker π bond