Physiology Conduction It is the transfer of heat from one object to another with direct contact. Heat conducts through contact with solids, liquids,and gases.The nurse enhances conductive heat loss when applying an ice pack or bathing a client with cool water.The body gains heat by conduction when contact is made with materials warmer than skin temperature,such as applying a warm pack or bathing a client with warm water
Conduction It is the transfer of heat from one object to another with direct contact. Heat conducts through contact with solids, liquids , and gases. The nurse enhances conductive heat loss when applying an ice pack or bathing a client with cool water. The body gains heat by conduction when contact is made with materials warmer than skin temperature, such as applying a warm pack or bathing a client with warm water. 1
Physiology Convection It is the transfer of heat away by air movement.Heat is first conducted to air molecules directly in contact with the skin. An electric fan promotes heat loss through convection Convective heat loss increases when moistened skin comes into contact with slightly moving air
Convection It is the transfer of heat away by air movement. Heat is first conducted to air molecules directly in contact with the skin. An electric fan promotes heat loss through convection . Convective heat loss increases when moistened skin comes into contact with slightly moving air. 1
Physiology Evaporation It is transfer of heat energy when a liquid is changed into gas. Two ways: Insensible water loss(不感蒸发) sweating(发汗) Evaporation is a main heat loss when environment temperature is higher than body temperature
Evaporation It is transfer of heat energy when a liquid is changed into gas. Two ways: Insensible water loss（不感蒸发） sweating（发汗） Evaporation is a main heat loss when environment temperature is higher than body temperature. 1
Physiology Bahavioral Control Humans voluntarily act to maintain comfortable body temperature when exposed to temperature extremes. The ability of a person to control body temperature depends on:the degree of temperature extreme;the person's ability to sense feeling comfortable or uncomfortable; emotions and thought processes;the person's mobility to remove or add clothes
Bahavioral Control Humans voluntarily act to maintain comfortable body temperature when exposed to temperature extremes. The ability of a person to control body temperature depends on: the degree of temperature extreme; the person’s ability to sense feeling comfortable or uncomfortable; emotions and thought processes; the person’s mobility to remove or add clothes. 1
section 2 Factors Affecting Body Temperature Temperature Range:36C To 37.5C Average oral:37C Average Tympanic:37.5C Average Rectal:37.5C Average Axilla:36.5℃
Temperature Range:36℃ To 37.5℃ Average oral: 37℃ Average Tympanic: 37.5℃ Average Rectal: 37.5℃ Average Axilla: 36.5℃