Activators Human Transcription These regulatory proteins bind to DNA at distant sites known as enhancers. when Complex DNA folds so that the enhancer is brought into proximity with the transcription complex, Repressors the activator proteins interact with the complex These regulatory proteins bind to"silencer to increase the rate of transcription sites on the DNA, preventing the binding of activators to nearby enhancers and so Silencer slowing transcription Enhancer. Repressor Basal factors These transcription factors, in Activator response to coactivators, position RNA Enhancer. polymerase at the start of a protein- coding sequence, and then release the Enhancer olymerase to transcribe the mrNA Activator Activator 250 DNA 40 110 60 150 80 RNA polymerase TATA binding f Coding region tei Coactivators TATA box Core These transcription factors promoter transmit signals from activator proteins to the basal factors. 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 11
All eukaryotic genetic intormation Genetic Histone code code Genomic histone DNA amino-terminal sequences modifications 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 12 All eukaryotic genetic information Histone code Genetic code Genomic DNA sequences histone amino-terminal modifications
Chromatin, the physiological template of all eukaryotic genetic information, is subject to a diverse array of posttranslational thereby regulating access to the underlying dnq o termini modifications that largely impinge on histone ami Distinct histone amino-terminal modifications can generate synergistic or antagonistic interaction affinities for chromatin associated proteins, which in turn dictate dynamic transitions between transcriptionally active or transcriptionally silent chromatin states The combinatorial nature of histone amino-terminal modifications thus reveals a histone code that considerably extends the information potential of the genetic code Thomas Jenuwein and C. David Allis(2001), Science, 293: 1074-1080 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 13 Chromatin, the physiological template of all eukaryotic genetic information, is subject to a diverse array of posttranslational modifications that largely impinge on histone amino termini, thereby regulating access to the underlying DNA. Distinct histone amino-terminal modifications can generate synergistic or antagonistic interaction affinities for chromatinassociated proteins, which in turn dictate dynamic transitions between transcriptionally active or transcriptionally silent chromatin states. The combinatorial nature of histone amino-terminal modifications thus reveals a "histone code" that considerably extends the information potential of the genetic code. Thomas Jenuwein and C. David Allis (2001), Science, 293:1074-1080
Genetic Histone code code code Genomic histone DNA amino-terminal? sequences modifications 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 14 ? code Genetic code Histone code Genomic DNA sequences histone amino-terminal modifications ?
>Introduction >Chromatin has important role in regulation of gene expression >DNA methylation >Histone modifications > Chromatin remodeling Rnomics > Epigenetics and Diseases/t YY Summary 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 15 ¾Introduction ¾Chromatin has important role in regulation of gene expression ¾DNA methylation ¾Histone modifications ¾Chromatin remodeling ¾ Rnomics ¾Epigenetics and Diseases ¾Summary