Part Introduction 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 16 Part I. Introduction
口随着为期10年耗资30亿美元的HGP宣告结束,人们迈 进后基因组时代。通过大量的生物信息学分析,发 现相当比重的疾病患者基因组水平上并没有发生突 变,而基因组中的调控序列在基因选择性表达中的 具有重要生物学意义。阐明基因选择性表达所依赖 的调控信息及其相互作用的分子机制,是揭示生命 现象本质的核心问题,是结构基因组之后功能基因 组研究的重要內容,因此有人提出表观遗传学,并 日益成为遗传学研究的一个新的热点 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 17 随着为期10年耗资30亿美元的HGP宣告结束，人们迈 宣告结束，人们迈 进后基因组时代。 进后基因组时代。通过大量的生物信息学分析，发 通过大量的生物信息学分析，发 现相当比重的疾病患者基因组水平上并没有发生突 现相当比重的疾病患者基因组水平上并没有发生突 变，而基因组中的调控序列在基因选择性表达中的 变，而基因组中的调控序列在基因选择性表达中的 具有重要生物学意义。阐明基因选择性表达所依赖 具有重要生物学意义。阐明基因选择性表达所依赖 的调控信息及其相互作用的分子机制，是揭示生命 的调控信息及其相互作用的分子机制，是揭示生命 现象本质的核心问题，是结构基因组之后功能基因 现象本质的核心问题，是结构基因组之后功能基因 组研究的重要内容，因此有人提出表观遗传学，并 组研究的重要内容，因此有人提出表观遗传学，并 日益成为遗传学研究的一个新的热点。 日益成为遗传学研究的一个新的热点
Approximately 27,000 genes in the human genome Roughly 10,000 genes expressed In individual cells a single somatic cell nucleus is sufficient to generate an organism Complexity in form and function generated by differential gene expression 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 18 Approximately 27,000 genes in the human genome. Roughly 10,000 genes expressed In individual cells. A single somatic cell nucleus is sufficient to generate an organism. Complexity in form and function generated by differential gene expression
Same genome, different epigenome Variability in CpG methylation at the agouti locus causes differences in coat color among genetically identical mice o Maternal nutrition affects the phenotype of offspring by influencing the degree of CpG methylation at the agouti locus ( Molec ce∥Bo,Aug2003) 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 19 Same genome, different epigenome ●Variability in CpG methylation at the agouti locus causes differences in coat color among genetically identical mice. ● Maternal nutrition affects the phenotype of offspring by influencing the degree of CpG methylation at the agouti locus. (Molec Cell Biol, Aug 2003)
Epigenetic modifications are changes in the chromatin structure which result either in the activation of the genome without modifying(mutating)the primary nucleotide sequence repression of defined regions of the genome without modifying(mutating) the primary nucleotide sequence 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 20 Epigenetic modifications are changes in the chromatin structure which result either in: • the activation of the genome without modifying (mutating) the primary nucleotide sequence • repression of defined regions of the genome without modifying (mutating) the primary nucleotide sequence