Basic unit is nucleosome: Consists of a core octamer of histones h2A H2B, H3 and H4 (2X). Approximately 150 bp DNA wrapped 2X around outside of nucleosome 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 6 Basic unit is nucleosome: Consists of a core octamer of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 (2X). Approximately 150 bp DNA wrapped 2X around outside of nucleosome
Summary: the Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes NUCLEUSICYTOSOL protein translation activity control control primary RNA 3 4 transcript RNA R protein inactive protein transcriptional RNA control nuclear pore processing control nuclear envelope 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 7 Summary: the Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes
Dimerization activation of Transcription and translation CYTOPLASM Protein folding 米 Translation Nuclear localizatio mRNA export ( Initiation( Elongation (T Termination AAAooo 3 RNAP RNAPII mRNA packaging Transcript cleavage Ch 5 capping 3
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 8 Transcription and Translation
Cell-specific regulation of gene expression A specific signal molecule (such as one with the message, become a muscle cell )leads to production of regulatory proteins. These proteins bind to regulatory sites in DNA, triggering transcription of cell-specific proteins Promoter TRANSCRIPTION 0o00000000000000 Enhancer Exon Intron Exon Intron Exon Enhancer Promoter-proximal element 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 9 Cell-specific regulation of gene expression TRANSCRIPTION Enhancer Promoter Promoter-proximal element Enhancer A specific signal molecule (such as one with the message, “become a muscle cell”) leads to production of regulatory proteins. These proteins bind to regulatory sites in DNA, triggering transcription of cell-specific proteins. Exon Intron Exon Intron Exon
Transcription involves 4 types of proteins DNA-binding regulators Chromatin requlators Coactivators and corepressors Transcription apparatus Coactivator Chromatin regulators Mediator Transcription apparatus TEIIH RNAPII TFIF TFIE TFIIA TFIIB TFID DNA-binding requlators Gene 2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University
2005-11-11 Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University Chaoqun Wu, Fudan University 10 TFIIB RNAPII TFIIA TFIID TFIIH TFIIF Mediator TFIIE DNA-binding Regulators Transcription involves 4 types of proteins • DNA-binding regulators • Chromatin regulators • Coactivators and corepressors • Transcription apparatus Chromatin regulators Transcription apparatus Coactivator Gene