第一章:翻译概述翻译的标准3. Criteria in China· A.Yan Fu's(严复)“three character guide", which wasfirst proposed in 1898, is the principle of faithfulness.expressiveness, and elegance”(信、达、雅)“译事三难:信、达、雅”B.Somerevisions such as faithfulness, expressivenessand closeness (信、达、切);faithfulness,expressiveness and fitness(信、达、贴)27
27 3. Criteria in China • A. Yan Fu’s (严复) “three character guide” , which was first proposed in 1898, is the principle of “faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance” (信、达、雅). • “译事三难:信、达、雅” • B. Some revisions such as faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness (信、达、切); • faithfulness, expressiveness and fitness (信、达、贴), 第一章:翻译概述——翻译的标准
第一章:翻译概述翻译的标准(神似)·C.FuLei's(傅雷)spiritual conformity/resemblance in spirit·D.Qian Zhongshu(钱钟书)transmigration(化境)·E.鲁迅:翻译:一当然力求其易解一则保存原作的丰姿。反对牛头不对马嘴,提出“宁信而不顺”之原则。林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美”Criteria for beginners梁实秋的“宁错务顺”Faithfulness瞿秋白的“信顺统一”Smoothness(三美)许渊冲的“音美、形美、意美28
28 • C. Fu Lei’s (傅雷) spiritual conformity/resemblance in spirit (神似) • D. Qian Zhongshu (钱钟书) transmigration (化境) • E. 鲁迅:翻译:一当然力求其易解,一则保存原作的 丰姿。反对牛头不对马嘴,提出“宁信而不顺”之 原则。 • 林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美” • 梁实秋的“宁错务顺” • 瞿秋白的“信顺统一” • 许渊冲的“音美、形美、意美(三美)” 第一章:翻译概述——翻译的标准 Criteria for beginners: Faithfulness Smoothness
翻译的标准第一章:翻译概述Criteria in the West (reading after class泰特勒三原则奈达(美)的“动态对等”和“功能对等”纽马克(英)的“文本中心”论29
29 v“泰特勒三原则” v奈达(美)的“动态对等”和“功能对等” v纽马克(英)的“文本中心”论 Criteria in the West (reading after class) 第一章:翻译概述——翻译的标准
第一章:翻译概述翻译的标准Three Principles of Translation:十八世纪末的英国学者亚历山大·泰特勒(AlexanderFraserTytler,1747-1814)。他在《论翻译的原则》(Essay on thePrinciplesofTranslation)一书中提出了著名的翻译三原则:(1)译文应完全复写出原作的思想(Atranslationshouldgiveacomplete transcript of the ideas of the original work. )(2)译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同(Thestyleandmanner of writing should be of the same character as that of theoriginal.)(3)译文应和原作同样流畅(Atranslation should have alltheease of the original composition.30
30 十八世纪末的英国学者亚历山大·泰特勒(Alexander Fraser Tytler, 1747-1814)。他在《论翻译的原则》(Essay on the Principles of Translation)一书中提出了著名的翻译三原则: (1)译文应完全复写出原作的思想(A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.) (2)译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同(The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original.) (3)译文应和原作同样流畅(A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.) Three Principles of Translation: 第一章:翻译概述——翻译的标准
第一章:翻译概述翻译的标准美国翻译理论家EugeneA.Nida:把翻译中的“意义”概括成“语义”和“语体”:Translating consists in reproducing in the receptorlanguage the closest natural equivalent of thesource-language message, first in terms of meaningand secondly in terms of style(所谓翻译,是指在译语中用最切近而又自然的对等语再现原语的信息,首先在语义上,其次在文体上。)31
31 美国翻译理论家Eugene A. Nida: • 把翻译中的“意义”概括成“语义”和“语 体”: • Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. • (所谓翻译,是指在译语中用最切近而又自然 的对等语再现原语的信息,首先在语义上,其 次在文体上。) 第一章:翻译概述——翻译的标准