Comprehensive DD of hematuria Glomerular causes Nonglomerular causes Primary glomerulonephritis Conditions affecting renal parenchyma IgA nephropathy(Bergers disease) Renal tumors(renal cell carcinoma, angiomyolipoma, oncocytoma) Postinfectious glomerulonephritis Vascular disorders(nutcracker syndrome, malignant hypertension, sickle Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis cell trait or disease, arteriovenous malformation, renal vein thrombosis or Focal glomerular sclerosis infarct, transplant rejection) Rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis Secondary glomerulonephritis Metabolic disorder(hypercalciuria, hyperuricuria) Lupus nephritis Familial condition(polycystic kidney disease, medullary Sponge kidney) Henoch-Schonlein syndrome Infection(acute or chronic pyelonephritis, tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus Vasculitis(polyarteritis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis) nfection, infectious mononucleosis) Papillary necrosis Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia Extrarenal conditions Hemolyticuremic syndrome Tumors(renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, prostate) Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Benign prostatic hyperplasia Medications (i.e, interstitial nephritis, analgesic nephropathy) Stone or foreign body Familial conditions Infections(cystitis, prostatitis, urinary schistosomiasis, tuberculosis Thin glomerular basement membrane nephropathy condyloma acuminatum) Hereditary nephritis(Alport's syndrome) Systemic bleeding disorder or coagulopathy Fabry's disease Trauma Exercise12-14 Radiation therapy Med Clin North Am 1997: 81: 641-52:Drugs(heparin, warfarin[Coumadin), cyclophosphamide [Cytoxan)
Comprehensive DD of hematuria Glomerular causes Primary glomerulonephritis IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) Postinfectious glomerulonephritis Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Focal glomerular sclerosis Rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis Secondary glomerulonephritis Lupus nephritis Henoch-Schonlein syndrome Vasculitis (polyarteritis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis) Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia Hemolyticuremic syndrome Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Medications (i.e., interstitial nephritis, analgesic nephropathy) Familial conditions Thin glomerular basement membrane nephropathy Hereditary nephritis (Alport‘s syndrome) Fabry's disease Exercise12–14 Nonglomerular causes Conditions affecting renal parenchyma Renal tumors (renal cell carcinoma, angiomyolipoma, oncocytoma) Vascular disorders (nutcracker syndrome,15 malignant hypertension, sickle cell trait or disease, arteriovenous malformation, renal vein thrombosis or infarct, transplant rejection) Metabolic disorder (hypercalciuria, hyperuricuria) Familial condition (polycystic kidney disease, medullary Sponge kidney) Infection (acute or chronic pyelonephritis, tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus infection, infectious mononucleosis) Papillary necrosis Extrarenal conditions Tumors (renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, prostate) Benign prostatic hyperplasia Stone or foreign body Infections (cystitis, prostatitis, urinary schistosomiasis, tuberculosis, condyloma acuminatum) Systemic bleeding disorder or coagulopathy Trauma Radiation therapy Indwelling catheters Med Clin North Am 1997;81:641–52; Drugs (heparin, warfarin [Coumadin], cyclophosphamide [Cytoxan])
For hematuria Confirm the hematuria Non-blood contaminant Blood contaminant a To rule out malignancy of urinary tract esp in older men May indicate urologic evaluations, KUB/VP CT plain or with contrast, Ultrasonogrpahy
For hematuria Confirm the hematuria Non-blood contaminant Blood contaminant To rule out malignancy of urinary tract, esp. in older men May indicate urologic evaluations, KUB/IVP, CT plain or with contrast, Ultrasonogrpahy
Conditions mimicking hematuria a Medication Substances Chloroquine Artificial food coloring a Furazolidone u Beets a Hydroxychloroquine Berries d Nitrofurantoin a Phenazopyridine Disease Phenolpr phthalein Hemoglobinuria Rifampin Myoglobinuria Am Fam Physician 1989; 40(2): 149-56
Conditions mimicking hematuria Substances Artificial food coloring Beets Berries Disease Hemoglobinuria Myoglobinuria Medication Choroquine Furazolidone Hydroxychloroquine Nitrofurantoin Phenazopyridine Phenolphthalein Rifampin Am Fam Physician 1989;40(2):149-56
Hematuria, hemoglobinuria myoglobinuria ginal photo enright c Julian White 07:0009:0012:0015:0019:00 Spun and unspun Hemoglobinuria: Urine passed 7am is dark Myoglobinuria urine with containing a large amount of free haemoglobin after snakebite hematuria which leaks out of PNH red-cells as they burst The urine generally clears during the day
Hematuria, hemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria Myoglobinuria after snakebite Hemoglobinuria: Urine passed 7am is dark containing a large amount of free haemoglobin which leaks out of PNH red-cells as they burst. The urine generally clears during the day. Spun and unspun urine with hematuria
Risk factors for urothelial carcinoma Cigarette smoking Occupational exposures Aniline dyes Aromatic amines u Benzidine Dietary nitrites and nitrates Analgesic abuse(e.g, phenacetin) Chronic cystitis and bacterial infection associated with urinary calculi and obstruction of the upper urinary tract Urinary schistosomiasis Cyclophosphamide(Cytoxan Pelvic irradiation Campbell's Urology 7th ed
Risk factors for urothelial carcinoma Cigarette smoking Occupational exposures Aniline dyes Aromatic amines Benzidine Dietary nitrites and nitrates Analgesic abuse (e.g., phenacetin) Chronic cystitis and bacterial infection associated with urinary calculi and obstruction of the upper urinary tract Urinary schistosomiasis Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) Pelvic irradiation Campbell‘s Urology. 7th ed