The Utilization of Fatty Acids as Fuel Requires Three Stages of Processing Peripheral tissues gain access to the lipid energy reserves stored in adipose Triacylglyceride tissue through three stages of processing. 30 First,the lipids must be mobilized.In Lipase this process,triacylglycerols are degraded to fatty acids and glycerol, which are released from the adipose tissue and transported to the energy- CH2OH requiring tissues.Second,at these HO-C-H tissues,the fatty acids must be CH>OH activated and transported into Glycerol mitochondria for degradation.Third,the fatty acids are broken down in a step- 0 0 bystep fashion into acetyl CoA,which 0 is then processed in the citric acid cycle. Fatty acids
The Utilization of Fatty Acids as Fuel Requires Three Stages of Processing Peripheral tissues gain access to the lipid energy reserves stored in adipose tissue through three stages of processing. First, the lipids must be mobilized. In this process, triacylglycerols are degraded to fatty acids and glycerol, which are released from the adipose tissue and transported to the energyrequiring tissues. Second, at these tissues, the fatty acids must be activated and transported into mitochondria for degradation. Third, the fatty acids are broken down in a stepbystep fashion into acetyl CoA, which is then processed in the citric acid cycle
Hormone-receptor interaction Inactive adenylate cyclase 激活的腺苷酸环化酶 Active adenylate cyclase ATP CAMP R.C. 激活的蛋白激酶 2C=Active protein kinase Inactive ATP.Mg" lpase Active racylycerolpas激活的酯酶 Phosphoprotein phosphatase Diacylglycerol Monoacylglycerol Diacyl- lipase Monoacyl- lipase Triacyiglycerols glycerol -Glycerol Fatty acid acid
激活的腺苷酸环化酶 激活的蛋白激酶 激活的酯酶
☆甘油的代谢： ·甘油生成3-磷酸甘油后进一步生成 磷酸二羟丙酮进入糖酵解途径 ·甘油还可以生成葡萄糖（糖异生）
• 甘油生成3-磷酸甘油后进一步生成 磷酸二羟丙酮进入糖酵解途径 • 甘油还可以生成葡萄糖（糖异生） ☆甘油的代谢：
CH2OH HO- C-H Glycerol CH2OH glycerol ATP 甘油 kinase ADP CH2OH HO-C-H L-Glycerol- CH2-0- 3-phosphate NAD glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase →NADH+H CH2OH Dihydroxyacetone CH2-O phosphate triose phosphate 磷酸二羟丙酮 isomerase H H -OH D-Glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate CH2-O- 葡萄糖←一 糖酵解
← 糖酵解 甘油 磷酸二羟丙酮 葡萄糖←
ATP ADP NAD+NADH +H CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH HO—C-H HOC-H →0=C HC—OH Glycerol Glycerol CH2OH kinase CH2OPO2 phosphate dehydrogenase CH2OPO3? CH2OPO;2- Glycerol L-Glycerol Dihydroxyacetone D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate phosphate 3-phosphate