Shape and Size Cocci Bacilli Spirochetes 00 Treponema Pneumococci Streptococci Pseudomonas Salmonella typhi Leptospira Staphylococci Mycobactenum Clostridium tetani tuberculosis 16
16 Shape and Size ◼ Shape Coccus(spherical or ovoid) Bacillus(rodlike) Spirillum(spirial) ◼ Size 0.5-1.3 μm （spherical） 1-5 x 0.5-0.8 μm （rodlike） 13-14 x1 .5 μm (spirial)
Cell structure Prokaryotic Cell Structure Cytoplasm Cell wall (peptidoglycan) Cytoplasmic membrane (selective permeability Nucleoid ● Cytoplasm Capsule (Ribosomes,Centrioles,Vaculoes) Cell Wall Nuclear area(nucleoid,DNA) Cytoplasmic Membrane Capsule(荚膜) Ribosomes Flagella(鞭毛) ● Pi(纤毛) Plasmids(质粒) Flagella ● Endospores(芽孢) Figure 1 17
17 Cell structure • Cell wall (peptidoglycan) • Cytoplasmic membrane (selective permeability） • Cytoplasm （Ribosomes,Centrioles,Vaculoes) • Nuclear area(nucleoid, DNA) • Capsule(荚膜) • Flagella(鞭毛) • Pili(纤毛) • Plasmids(质粒) • Endospores(芽孢)
Flagella Peritrichous flagella Polar flagella (周鞭) (极鞭) 18
18 Flagella Polar flagella （极鞭） Peritrichous flagella （周鞭）
Plasmid(质粒) A small,autonomously replicating molecule of covalently closed circular double strand DNA,separate from the cell's chromosome, devoid of protein and not essential for the survival of its host. 19
19 Plasmid（质粒） A small, autonomously replicating molecule of covalently closed circular double strand DNA, separate from the cell’s chromosome, devoid of protein and not essential for the survival of its host