UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION The students were asked to 是时间状语从句，也是惯用搭配：in which.,,everything是 about the area of a circle. 由介词十which引导的定语从句：so..,that.,.是惯用句型， (1)It is calculated that (2)do/make a calculation that是连接词，引导结果状语从句；that it.,everything是 宾语从句。 句型剖析 when it comes to.,是一个常用句式，也是考查的重 L.【教材原文】She has been interviewed many times, 点。要注意t0是介词，不是动词不定式符号，其后要跟名 词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语。 appeared on the covers of magazines,and become the first non-human in the world to be given citizenship by a country. 语境领悟 (page 4) (1)The school has good teachers,but when it comes to 她已经接受过多次采访，且出现在杂志封面上，还是世 teaching facilities,it is poor. 界上第一个被授予国籍的非人类。 这所学校有优秀的教师，但说到教学设施的话，确实 不好。 句法分析 (2)When it comes to raising children,different parents 该句有三个并列谓语，即have been interviewed, have different opinions. appeared和become.。to be given citizenship by a country是 涉及如何养育孩子时，不同的家长有不同的观点。 动词不定式做后置定语修饰前面的non-human。. 当名词由最高级或last,first等表次序的词或是the 【句法分析二 best以及the only,the very,the right等词修饰时，后面要用 It will be/was+时间段+before.,. 不定式做定语，这些名词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关 (I)It will be+时间段+before..表示“将过某段时间 系。结构：the first/,1ast/best/right/.,+n,+to do sth第 才…”。 个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适的一个/…做某事的人/物 It will not be long before,..,表示“不久就.”。 (2)It was-+时间段十before.,表示“过去了某段时间 语境领悟 就…了”。 (1)The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 温馨提示易混句式： 最后一个离开沉船的人是船长。 Itis/has been-+时间段+-since,. (2)That hill is the most difficult to climb on 自从…以来已有某段时间了 那座小山是最难攀爬的。 Itis/was十时间点+when., 【学以致用 做某事是在某个具体的时间 单句语法填空 Itis/was十时间状语+that., (1)When there is a football match,he is always the 是在什么时间做的某事（强调句型）》 first boy (come). (2)This is the best computer game 【语境领悟 entertain) children. (1)It was less than half a month before she quit her 完成句子 job (3)He was the best man 不到半个月她就辞职了。 (做这项工作) (2)It will be half a year before you graduate from this (4)She was the first woman school. (赢得金牌)in the 半年后你才能从这所学校毕业。 Olympic Games. (3)It was nine o'clock when we got home last night. 答案(1)to come(2)to entertain(3)to do the job 昨天晚上我们到家时已经9点了。 (4)It was at nine o'clock that we got home last night. (4)to win a gold medal 昨天晚上我们是在9点钟到家的。 2.【教材原文】When it comes to games,2017 became 学以致用 a year in which Al defeated humans in so many games that 单句语法填空 Al researchers say that it will not be long before Al can win (1)When it comes to learn a at almost everything.(page 4) language,admitting that you don't know everything is the 谈到比赛，2017年成了人工智能在众多比赛中击败人 key to growth. 类的一年，以至于人工智能研究人员表示，不久之后人工智 (2)If you miss this chance,it may be years 能就可能在几乎所有方面获胜。 you get another one. 【句法分析一 (3)How long is it you got to know each 该句是较复杂的主从复合句。When it comes to games other?
UNIT1 SCIENCEFICTION Thestudentswereaskedto abouttheareaofacircle. 答案 (1)Itiscalculatedthat (2)do/makeacalculation 句型剖析 1.【教材原文】 Shehasbeeninterviewedmanytimes, appearedonthecoversofmagazines,andbecomethefirst non-humanintheworldtobegivencitizenshipbyacountry. (page4) 她已经接受过多次采访,且出现在杂志封面上,还是世 界上第一个被授予国籍的非人类。 句法分析 该句 有 三 个 并 列 谓 语,即 have beeninterviewed, appeared和become。tobegivencitizenshipbyacountry是 动词不定式做后置定语修饰前面的non-human。 当名词由 最 高 级 或last,first等 表 次 序 的 词 或 是the best以及theonly,thevery,theright等词修饰时,后面要用 不定式做定语,这些名词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关 系。结构:thefirst/last/best/right/...+n.+todosth第 一个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适的一个/……做某事的人/物 语境领悟 (1)Thelast mantoleavethesinkingship wasthe captain. 最后一个离开沉船的人是船长。 (2)Thathillisthemostdifficulttoclimbon. 那座小山是最难攀爬的。 学以致用 单句语法填空 (1)Whenthereisafootballmatch,heisalwaysthe firstboy (come). (2)Thisisthebestcomputergame (entertain) children. 完成句子 (3)Hewasthebestman (做这项工作). (4)Shewasthefirstwoman (赢得金牌)inthe OlympicGames. 答案 (1)tocome (2)toentertain (3)todothejob (4)towinagoldmedal 2.【教材原文】 Whenitcomestogames,2017became ayearinwhichAIdefeatedhumansinsomanygamesthat AIresearcherssaythatitwillnotbelongbeforeAIcanwin atalmosteverything.(page4) 谈到比赛,2017年成了人工智能在众多比赛中击败人 类的一年,以至于人工智能研究人员表示,不久之后人工智 能就可能在几乎所有方面获胜。 句法分析一 该句是较复杂的主从复合句。Whenitcomestogames 是时间状语从句,也是惯用搭配;inwhich...everything是 由介词+which引导的定语从句;so...that...是惯用句型, that是连接词,引导结果状语从句;thatit...everything是 宾语从句。 whenitcomesto...是一个常 用句 式,也 是 考 查的 重 点。要注意to是介词,不是动词不定式符号,其后要跟名 词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语。 语境领悟 (1)Theschoolhasgoodteachers,butwhenitcomesto teachingfacilities,itispoor. 这所学校有 优 秀的 教 师,但 说到 教 学 设 施 的 话,确 实 不好。 (2)Whenitcomestoraisingchildren,differentparents havedifferentopinions. 涉及如何养育孩子时,不同的家长有不同的观点。 句法分析二 Itwillbe/was+时间段+before... (1)Itwillbe+时间段+before...表示“将过某段时间 才……”。 Itwillnotbelongbefore...表示“不久就……”。 (2)Itwas+时间段+before...表示“过去了某段时间 就……了”。 易混句式: Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since... 自从……以来已有某段时间了 Itis/was+时间点+when... 做某事是在某个具体的时间 Itis/was+时间状语+that... 是在什么时间做的某事(强调句型) 语境领悟 (1)Itwaslessthanhalfa monthbeforeshequither job. 不到半个月她就辞职了。 (2)Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromthis school. 半年后你才能从这所学校毕业。 (3)Itwasnineoclockwhenwegothomelastnight. 昨天晚上我们到家时已经9点了。 (4)Itwasatnineoclockthatwegothomelastnight. 昨天晚上我们是在9点钟到家的。 学以致用 单句语法填空 (1)Whenitcomesto (learn)a language,admittingthatyoudontknoweverythingisthe keytogrowth. (2)Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears yougetanotherone. (3)Howlongisit yougottoknoweach other? 11
英语 选择性必修 第四册 配人教版 (4)It was 11 p.m. we finished our 这座山看起来像一头巨大的牛。 experiment. What you've said sounds reasonable. (5)It was at 11 p.m. we finished our 你所说的听起来有道理。 experiment. 3.need,require,.want,be worth后跟动词-ing的主动形 完成句子 式表被动意义。 (6)谈到与别人相处，诚实是最好的策略。 My watch doesn't work.It needs repairing. Honesty is the best policy 我的手表不能用了，需要修了。 This film is really worth seeing. 这部电影的确值得一看。 答案(1)learning(2)before(3)since(4)when 三、动词不定式的被动形式和用法 (5)that (6)when it comes to getting on with others 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承 语法精析门 受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。to be done表示动词不 定式的动作发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生；to have been done表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。 被动语态 He didn't expect the book to be received so well. 英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语 他没想到这本书会这么受欢迎。 态表示主语是动作的执行者：被动语态表示主语是动作的承 I'm pleased to have been given this opportunity. 受者。汉语中常用“被”“给”“由”“受”等词来表示被动，而英 我很高兴得到了这次机会。 语中由“be十动词过去分词”构成。 四、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义 一、各种时态的被动语态 1.当动词不定式放于名词或代词之后做定语，不定式和 般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现 名词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，同时又和句中另一名词或 在完成时和过去完成时的被动语态是考查重点。被动语态 代词构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动 的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变化规 意义。 则与系动词be相同。以do为例： Would you bring me a bench to sit on? 你给我拿个凳子来坐好吗？ 项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 温馨提示「 如果动词不定式做后置定语，不定式和所 am/is/are am/is/are have/has 现在 修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但其逻辑主语不是句 done being done been done 子的主语，则使用动词不定式的被动形式。 was/were had 过去 was/were been I'll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be done being done done posted？ shall/will be 我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗？ 将来 done (post与主语you之间不存在主动关系，只和前面的 letter构成逻辑上的动宾关系。) Everyone's pay will be increased next year by 5%. 明年每人的工资将增加五个百分点。 2.在句型“主语+be+形容词+不定式”中，当形容词后 It was the first time that I had been criticised in public. 跟不定式做状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语 那是我第一次在公众场合受到批评。 时，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这样的形容词有 The house is quite old.It was built in 1950. 很多，常用的有amusing,cheap,comfortable,dangerous, 这座房子很古老了。它是1950年建造的。 difficult,easy,fit,hard,important,impossible,interesting, 二、主动语态表示被动意义 nice,pleasant,funny,.heavy,light等。 l.有些动词如read,write,clean,wash,burn,draw, That question is difficult to answer. cook,keep,cut,open,sell,act等用作不及物动词且表示主语 那个问题难以回答。 的某种属性时，常和副词well,easily,smoothly等连用，且通 常用主动结构表示被动意义。这些动词的主语一般是表示 即学即练 物的词，且这些物往往具有某种内在的特点，这些句子的时 单句语法填空 态多用一般现在时或一般将来时。 (1)He hurried home,never once looking back to see if This pen writes smoothly..这笔写起来很流畅。 he (follow). The cloth washes well.这种布料耐洗。 (2)Amy,as well as her brothers, 2.有些感官动词做系动词用时，常用其主动形式表示被 (give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last 动意义，这些感官动词有look,sound,feel,taste等。 week. The mountain looks like a huge cow. (3)Equipped with 5G technology,this new type of
英 语 选择性必修 第四册 配人教版 (4)Itwas11p.m. wefinishedour experiment. (5)Itwasat11p.m. wefinishedour experiment. 完成句子 (6)谈到与别人相处,诚实是最好的策略。 Honestyisthebestpolicy . 答案 (1)learning (2)before (3)since (4)when (5)that (6)whenitcomestogettingonwithothers 语法精析 被动语态 英语中动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语 态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承 受者。汉语中常用“被”“给”“由”“受”等词来表示被动,而英 语中由“be+动词过去分词”构成。 一、各种时态的被动语态 一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现 在完成时和过去完成时的被动语态是考查重点。被动语态 的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上,其变化规 则与系动词be相同。以do为例: 项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 am/is/are done am/is/are beingdone have/has beendone 过去 was/were done was/were beingdone had been done 将来 shall/will be done — — Everyonespaywillbeincreasednextyearby5%. 明年每人的工资将增加五个百分点。 ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeencriticisedinpublic. 那是我第一次在公众场合受到批评。 Thehouseisquiteold.Itwasbuiltin1950. 这座房子很古老了。它是1950年建造的。 二、主动语态表示被动意义 1.有 些 动 词 如 read,write,clean,wash,burn,draw, cook,keep,cut,open,sell,act等用作不及物动词且表示主语 的某种属性时,常和副词 well,easily,smoothly等连用,且通 常用主动结构表示被动意义。这些动词的主语一般是表示 物的词,且这些物往往具有某种内在的特点,这些句子的时 态多用一般现在时或一般将来时。 Thispenwritessmoothly.这笔写起来很流畅。 Theclothwasheswell.这种布料耐洗。 2.有些感官动词做系动词用时,常用其主动形式表示被 动意义,这些感官动词有look,sound,feel,taste等。 Themountainlookslikeahugecow. 这座山看起来像一头巨大的牛。 Whatyouvesaidsoundsreasonable. 你所说的听起来有道理。 3.need,require,want,beworth后跟动词-ing的主动形 式表被动意义。 Mywatchdoesntwork.Itneedsrepairing. 我的手表不能用了,需要修了。 Thisfilmisreallyworthseeing. 这部电影的确值得一看。 三、动词不定式的被动形式和用法 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承 受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。tobedone表示动词不 定式的动作发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生;tohavebeen done表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。 Hedidntexpectthebooktobereceivedsowell. 他没想到这本书会这么受欢迎。 Impleasedtohavebeengiventhisopportunity. 我很高兴得到了这次机会。 四、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义 1.当动词不定式放于名词或代词之后做定语,不定式和 名词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,同时又和句中另一名词或 代词构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,不定式的主动形式表示被动 意义。 Wouldyoubringmeabenchtositon? 你给我拿个凳子来坐好吗? 如果动词不定式做后置定语,不定式和所 修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,但其逻辑主语不是句 子的主语,则使用动词不定式的被动形式。 Illgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobe posted? 我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗? (post与主语you之间不存在主动关系,只和前面的 letter构成逻辑上的动宾关系。) 2.在句型“主语+be+形容词+不定式”中,当形容词后 跟不定式做状语,而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语 时,常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这样的形容词有 很多,常 用 的 有 amusing,cheap,comfortable,dangerous, difficult,easy,fit,hard,important,impossible,interesting, nice,pleasant,funny,heavy,light等。 Thatquestionisdifficulttoanswer. 那个问题难以回答。 即学即练 单句语法填空 (1)Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeif he (follow). (2)Amy,aswellasherbrothers, (give)awarm welcomewhenreturningtothevillagelast week. (3)Equipped with5G technology,thisnew typeof 12
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION mobile phones is popular and (sell)well. new (deal)with all by ourselves every day. (4)1t _(feel)dangerous to live in such a poor (7)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the house,which needs badly (repair). chocolate easier (break)into small pieces. (5)There are still many problems (1)was being followed (2)was given (3)sells (solve)before we are ready for a long stay. (4)feels;repairing (5)to be solved (6)to deal (7)to (6)With the world changing fast,we have something break 随堂训练 一、单句语法填空 their own house 1.Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements 3.我们仍有许多儿童要去照管。 but also correct (calculate). We still have many children 2.These countries have something in common when it comes to (celebrate)festivals. 4.这所大学因为为国际学生设置的语言和文化课程而闻名。 3.It won't be quite a long time your son is The university is known for its language and culture courses back,so don't be worried. which international 4.They (train)well by their masters students. who had great experience with caring for these animals. 1.will be held 2.is being rebuilt 3.to take care of 5.The chair looks rather hard,but in fact,it is very comfortable 4.are designed for (sit)on. 三、用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面小语篇 6.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who The space station 1. (complete) trap)in the mountains for two within the next decade.What can 2. (do)to days. improve living conditions in space?Here's what former 7.Obviously,the article my deskmate wrote yesterday astronauts suggest: requires (polish)again. Food 8.The play (produce）next month It doesn't taste as good in zero gravity.Food should aims mainly to reflect the local culture. 3 (make)spicier in order for those effects 9.I was sent to the village last month to see how the (overcome).International tastes development plan (carry)out in the past must also 5. (consider). two years. Clothing 10.The airport (complete)next year will Layered clothing could help astronauts stay comfortable help promote tourism in this area. The top layer should be designed 6. 1.calculation 2.celebrating 3.before 4.were (remove)or added as temperatures vary. trained 5.to sit 6.were trapped 7.polishing 8.to be Sleeping produced 9.had been carried 10.to be completed Because of weightlessness,sometimes sleep 7. 二、完成句子 (disturb)in space.Comfortable restraints must 1.听说当地城市要举办一场中国画展，因此我写信申请成为 6 (provide)to give a sense of stability. 你们团队的一名志愿者。 Emotional Needs Having heard that a Chinese painting exhibition People need "down time"in space just as they do on in the local city,I am writing to Earth.Time ought to be provided for relaxation and privacy. apply to be a volunteer of your team. 答案1.will be completed2.be done3.be made4.to 2.他们现在和父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在 be overcome 5.be considered 6.to be removed 7.is 重建。 disturbed 8.be provided They are living with their parents for the moment because 课后·训练提升 一、单句语法填空 2.They were told that the result 1.Sheep (keep)by farmers to produce wool (announce)the next week. and mutton. 答案would be announced 答案are kept 3.Five units of this textbook 13
UNIT1 SCIENCEFICTION mobilephonesispopularand (sell)well. (4)It (feel)dangeroustoliveinsuchapoor house,whichneedsbadly (repair). (5)Therearestillmanyproblems (solve)beforewearereadyforalongstay. (6)Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomething new (deal)withallbyourselveseveryday. (7)Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethe chocolateeasier (break)intosmallpieces. 答案 (1)wasbeingfollowed (2)wasgiven (3)sells (4)feels;repairing (5)tobesolved (6)todeal (7)to break 随堂训练 一、单句语法填空 1.Laboratoryworkneedsnotonlyaccuratemeasurements butalsocorrect (calculate). 2.Thesecountries havesomethingin common whenit comesto (celebrate)festivals. 3.Itwontbequitealongtime yoursonis back,sodontbeworried. 4.They (train)wellbytheirmasters whohadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals. 5.Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfact,itisverycomfortable (sit)on. 6.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho (trap)inthe mountainsfortwo days. 7.Obviously,the article my deskmate wrote yesterday requires (polish)again. 8.Theplay (produce)nextmonth aimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture. 9.I wassenttothevillagelast monthtoseehow the developmentplan (carry)outinthepast twoyears. 10.Theairport (complete)nextyearwill helppromotetourisminthisarea. 答案 1.calculation 2.celebrating 3.before 4.were trained 5.tosit 6.weretrapped 7.polishing 8.tobe produced 9.hadbeencarried 10.tobecompleted 二、完成句子 1.听说当地城市要举办一场中国画展,因此我写信申请成为 你们团队的一名志愿者。 HavingheardthataChinesepaintingexhibition inthelocalcity,Iam writingto applytobeavolunteerofyourteam. 2.他们现 在 和 父 母 住 在 一 起,因 为 他 们 自 己 的 房 子 正 在 重建。 Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecause theirownhouse . 3.我们仍有许多儿童要去照管。 Westillhave manychildren . 4.这所大学因为为国际学生设置的语言和文化课程而闻名。 Theuniversityisknownforitslanguageandculturecourses which international students. 答案 1.willbeheld 2.isbeingrebuilt 3.totakecareof 4.aredesignedfor 三、用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面小语篇 Thespacestation1. (complete) withinthenextdecade.Whatcan2. (do)to improvelivingconditionsinspace? Heres whatformer astronautssuggest: Food Itdoesnttasteasgoodinzerogravity.Foodshould 3. (make)spicierinorderforthoseeffects 4. (overcome).Internationaltastes mustalso5. (consider). Clothing Layeredclothingcouldhelpastronautsstaycomfortable. Thetoplayershouldbedesigned6. (remove)oraddedastemperaturesvary. Sleeping Becauseofweightlessness,sometimessleep7. (disturb)inspace.Comfortablerestraintsmust 8. (provide)togiveasenseofstability. EmotionalNeeds Peopleneed “downtime”inspacejustastheydoon Earth.Timeoughttobeprovidedforrelaxationandprivacy. 答案 1.willbecompleted 2.bedone 3.bemade 4.to beovercome 5.beconsidered 6.toberemoved 7.is disturbed 8.beprovided 课后·训练提升 一、单句语法填空 1.Sheep (keep)byfarmerstoproducewool andmutton. 答案 arekept 2.Theyweretoldthattheresult (announce)thenextweek. 答案 wouldbeannounced 3.Fiveunitsofthistextbook 13
英语 选择性必修 第四册 配人教版 (study)by the end of last term. 2.Attention must be paid to your pronunciation,(改为主动 答案had been studied 语态) 4.Cleaners in big cities usually get (pay)by the hour. You must pay attention to your pronunciation. 答案paid 3.More and more people enjoy driving solar-powered cars. 5.Iook！A nice picture draw)by our (改为被动语态) teacher. 答案is being drawn Driving solar-powered cars is enjoyed by more and 6.I think the book is worth (read)a second time. more people. 答案reading 4.He said that the trees would be planted by them soon. 7.The flowers were so lovely that they 为主动语态) (sell)out in no time. 答案were sold 答案He said that they would plant the trees soon, 8.A new cinema (build)here.They 5.They were making the new tool at that time.(改为被动 hope to finish it next month. 语态) 答案is being built 二、完成句子 The new tool was being made by them at that time. 1.这些就是明天要讨论的问题。 四、阅读理解 These are the issues Nearly every week,we hear news about the latest successes tomorrow. and failures in driverless vehicles.But we hear little about 答案to be discussed how other industries are developing this same kind of technology. 2.我很高兴被邀请和你一起参加音乐会。 One industry heavily involved in researching and developing I'm very glad to to artificial intelligence,or Al,is agriculture.Companies are attend the concert with you. experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers 答案have been invited save time and money,while reducing environment-harming 3.一场关于中国古代发明的展览将于下周一在我们学校 chemicals. 举办。 One of the companies is from Switzerland.It created a An exhibition of ancient Chinese inventions robot equipped with Al and cameras to identify all plants on in our school next Monday. a farm.The robot has four wheels to carry it through the 答案will be held fields in search of weeds.Computer-controlled arms then 4.必须立刻采取措施增强学生们的自立能力。 lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide Measures (除草剂).Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by immediately to strengthen students'self-independence. the sun.It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology 答案must be taken used to guide driverless vehicles.A farmer can also control 5.在其他一些城市，绿色的墙正被用来覆盖建筑工地和空置 the equipment through a smartphone. 的建筑物。 The cofounder of the company says the farm robot can In other cities,green walls kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditional methods. to cover up construction sites and empty This is because the system uses exactly the right amount of buildings. chemicals in the exact place required to kill the weeds. 答案are being used Currently,farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to 6.我写信是想邀请你担任将在我们学校举办的英语演讲比 destroy unwanted plants. 赛的评委。 Another company developing farm robotics is California- I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English based.The company has a system called "See &Spray".The speech contest in our system-which connects to the back of a tractor-is also school. equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the 答案to be held weeds.It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help 三、按要求改写句子 them grow.The vice-president of business development for L.You need to do the homework with care.(改为被动语态) the company,explains in a company video that See &Spray technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial 答案The homework needs to be done with care.. recognition."The first time the machine saw a pigweed,it
英 语 选择性必修 第四册 配人教版 (study)bytheendoflastterm. 答案 hadbeenstudied 4.Cleanersinbigcitiesusuallyget (pay)bythe hour. 答案 paid 5.Look! A nicepicture (draw)byour teacher. 答案 isbeingdrawn 6.Ithinkthebookisworth (read)asecondtime. 答案 reading 7.Theflowersweresolovelythatthey (sell)outinnotime. 答案 weresold 8.Anewcinema (build)here.They hopetofinishitnextmonth. 答案 isbeingbuilt 二、完成句子 1.这些就是明天要讨论的问题。 Thesearetheissues tomorrow. 答案 tobediscussed 2.我很高兴被邀请和你一起参加音乐会。 Imverygladto to attendtheconcertwithyou. 答案 havebeeninvited 3.一场关于中国古代发明的展览将于 下周 一 在我 们 学校 举办。 AnexhibitionofancientChineseinventions inourschoolnextMonday. 答案 willbeheld 4.必须立刻采取措施增强学生们的自立能力。 Measures immediatelytostrengthenstudentsself-independence. 答案 mustbetaken 5.在其他一些城市,绿色的墙正被用来覆盖建筑工地和空置 的建筑物。 Inothercities,greenwalls tocoverupconstructionsitesandempty buildings. 答案 arebeingused 6.我写信是想邀请你担任将在我们学校举办的英语演讲比 赛的评委。 Im writingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglish speechcontest inour school. 答案 tobeheld 三、按要求改写句子 1.Youneedtodothehomeworkwithcare.(改为被动语态) 答案 Thehomeworkneedstobedonewithcare. 2.Attentionmustbepaidtoyourpronunciation.(改为主动 语态) 答案 Youmustpayattentiontoyourpronunciation. 3.Moreandmorepeopleenjoydrivingsolar-poweredcars. (改为被动语态) 答案 Drivingsolar-poweredcarsisenjoyedbymoreand morepeople. 4.Hesaidthatthetreeswouldbeplantedbythemsoon.(改 为主动语态) 答案 Hesaidthattheywouldplantthetreessoon. 5.Theyweremakingthenewtoolatthattime.(改为被动 语态) 答案 Thenewtoolwasbeingmadebythematthattime. 四、阅读理解 Nearlyeveryweek,wehearnewsaboutthelatestsuccesses andfailuresindriverlessvehicles.Butwehearlittleabout howotherindustriesaredevelopingthissamekindoftechnology. Oneindustryheavilyinvolvedinresearchinganddeveloping artificialintelligence,or AI,isagriculture.Companiesare experimentingwithhigh-techtoolsthatcanhelpfarmers savetimeandmoney,whilereducingenvironment-harming chemicals. OneofthecompaniesisfromSwitzerland.Itcreateda robotequippedwithAIandcamerastoidentifyallplantson afarm.Therobothasfourwheelstocarryitthroughthe fieldsinsearchofweeds.Computer-controlledarmsthen lowerandspraytheweedswithsmallamountsofherbicide (除草剂).Companyofficialssaytherobotcanfullyoperate onitsownforupto12hoursadaywhilebeingpoweredby thesun.Itusesthesamekindofsensorandpositioningtechnology usedtoguidedriverlessvehicles.Afarmercanalsocontrol theequipmentthroughasmartphone. Thecofounderofthecompanysaysthefarmrobotcan killweedswith20timeslessherbicidethantraditionalmethods. Thisisbecausethesystemusesexactlytherightamountof chemicalsintheexactplacerequiredtokillthe weeds. Currently,farmersspreadweedkillersovermassiveareasto destroyunwantedplants. AnothercompanydevelopingfarmroboticsisCaliforniabased.Thecompanyhasasystemcalled“See& Spray”.The system—whichconnectstothebackofatractor—isalso equippedwith AItoidentifyandchemicallykillonlythe weeds.Itcanalsospraychemicalsonwantedplantstohelp themgrow.Thevice-presidentofbusinessdevelopmentfor thecompany,explainsinacompanyvideothatSee&Spray technologyusesthesamedeeplearningmethodsusedinfacial recognition.“Thefirsttimethemachinesawapigweed,it 14
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION didn't know what kind of plant it was.But we taught it-by 五、七选五阅读理解 giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed-and I don't believe artificial intelligence (AI)could replace now it's an expert in pigweed." my teaching career.I have always been interested in human 1.How will AI benefit agriculture? connection,and the ways in which I can use these connections to A.It will fund agriculture research. inspire change and make a difference.1,there are other B.It contributes to low-cost farming. ways where AI could make a more efficient and effective C.It can avoid harmful chemicals. difference than I could on my own. D.It frees all farmers from field work. My teaching experiences over the past several years 答案B have been creative and inspiring.I believe that the job of 解析推理判断题。根据第一段的“One industry heavily educators extends beyond simply teaching students a set involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence. curriculum.2,they must constantly reflect on ways to or AI,is agriculture.Companies are experimenting with better their teaching,and they must inspire their students to high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, be the best versions of themselves.And now with the help of while reducing environment--harming chemicals.."可s知，人 AI,they could achieve these goals much easier. 工智能通过降低成本造福农业。故选B项。 3 First,Al can be used to promote fundamental 2.What do the products of the two companies have in common? skills,such as mathematical education and vocabulary lessons. A.They use recognition technology. Additionally,I see AI being used for such necessary tasks as B.They are powered by solar energy. answering questions and grading assignments.Thus I could C.They are connected with smartphones. focus my attention to establishing human connection, D.They can help wanted plants grow rapidly. individualising lesson plans and inspiring my students. 答案A 4.I believe AI could provide a strong basis for 解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“One of the companies educational equality around the world.According to a survey, is from Switzerland.It created a robot equipped with AI close to 800 million people worldwide are functionally illiterate and cameras to identify all plants on a farm.”和最后一段 (不识字的).Due to its ability to efficiently pass knowledge 的“The system一which connects to the back of a tractor--is across large groups of people fewer teachers may be needed in some schools.5 also equipped with Al to identify and chemically kill only A.Since students will always need a human teacher the weeds.”可知，这两家公司的产品的共同之处是他们 都使用识别技术。故选A项。 B.The benefit AI brings is far beyond my own classroom 3.What is mainly talked about in the text? C.I think Al is a powerful assistant to my future classroom D.The need for students to learn how to use AI will also A.The experiment in farming robots. B.New trend in artificial intelligence. grow C.Modern See 8.Spray technology. E.Although human connection may never be able to be fully D.Artificial intelligence in agriculture. replaced by Al 答案D F.This could be an opportunity for students everywhere to receive equal education 解析主旨大意题。第一段的“One industry heavily involved G.They must observe and get to know their students in in researching and developing artificial intelligence,or Al. order to individualise educational plans is agriculture.”是全文的主题句，再结合全文内容可知，这 答案1.E2.G3.C4.B5.F 篇文章主要讲了农业中的人工智能。故选D项。 SectionⅢ Using Language, Assessing Your Progress Video Time 课前 基础认知 n.劳动（者）：体力劳动i,奋斗：努力工作 词汇认知 n.皮革：[pl]皮衣：皮外套 重点单词 n.控制板：仪表盘：专家咨询组 1. adj.更好的：占优势的：（在级别或重要 n.英寸（长度单位，等于2.54厘米） 性上)更高的 adw.向后：倒着：往回 15
UNIT1 SCIENCEFICTION didntknowwhatkindofplantitwas.Butwetaughtit—by givingittensofthousandsofexamplesofthatpigweed—and nowitsanexpertinpigweed.” 1.HowwillAIbenefitagriculture? A.Itwillfundagricultureresearch. B.Itcontributestolow-costfarming. C.Itcanavoidharmfulchemicals. D.Itfreesallfarmersfromfieldwork. 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Oneindustryheavily involvedinresearchinganddevelopingartificialintelligence, orAI,isagriculture.Companiesareexperimenting with high-techtoolsthatcanhelpfarmerssavetimeandmoney, whilereducingenvironment-harmingchemicals.”可知,人 工智能通过降低成本造福农业。故选 B项。 2.Whatdotheproductsofthetwocompanieshaveincommon? A.Theyuserecognitiontechnology. B.Theyarepoweredbysolarenergy. C.Theyareconnectedwithsmartphones. D.Theycanhelpwantedplantsgrowrapidly. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Oneofthecompanies isfrom Switzerland.ItcreatedarobotequippedwithAI andcamerastoidentifyallplantsonafarm.”和最后一段 的“Thesystem—whichconnectstothebackofatractor—is alsoequippedwithAItoidentifyandchemicallykillonly theweeds.”可知,这两家公司的产品的共同之处是他们 都使用识别技术。故选 A 项。 3.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext? A.Theexperimentinfarmingrobots. B.Newtrendinartificialintelligence. C.ModernSee&Spraytechnology. D.Artificialintelligenceinagriculture. 答案 D 解析 主旨大意题。第一段的“Oneindustryheavilyinvolved inresearchinganddevelopingartificialintelligence,orAI, isagriculture.”是全文的主题句,再结合全文内容可知,这 篇文章主要讲了农业中的人工智能。故选 D项。 五、七选五阅读理解 Idontbelieveartificialintelligence(AI)couldreplace myteachingcareer.Ihavealwaysbeeninterestedinhuman connection,andthewaysinwhichIcanusetheseconnectionsto inspirechangeandmakeadifference. 1 ,thereareother wayswhere AIcould makea moreefficientandeffective differencethanIcouldonmyown. Myteachingexperiencesoverthepastseveralyears havebeencreativeandinspiring.Ibelievethatthejobof educatorsextendsbeyondsimplyteachingstudentsaset curriculum. 2 ,theymustconstantlyreflectonwaysto bettertheirteaching,andtheymustinspiretheirstudentsto bethebestversionsofthemselves.Andnowwiththehelpof AI,theycouldachievethesegoalsmucheasier. 3 .First,AIcanbeusedtopromotefundamental skills,suchasmathematicaleducationandvocabularylessons. Additionally,IseeAIbeingusedforsuchnecessarytasksas answeringquestionsandgradingassignments.ThusIcould focus my attention to establishing human connection, individualisinglessonplansandinspiringmystudents. 4 .Ibelieve AIcouldprovideastrongbasisfor educationalequalityaroundtheworld.Accordingtoasurvey, closeto800millionpeopleworldwidearefunctionallyilliterate (不识字的).Duetoitsabilitytoefficientlypassknowledge acrosslargegroupsofpeoplefewerteachersmaybeneeded insomeschools. 5 . A.Sincestudentswillalwaysneedahumanteacher B.ThebenefitAIbringsisfarbeyondmyownclassroom C.IthinkAIisapowerfulassistanttomyfutureclassroom D.TheneedforstudentstolearnhowtouseAIwillalso grow E.Althoughhumanconnectionmayneverbeabletobefully replacedbyAI F.Thiscouldbeanopportunityforstudentseverywhereto receiveequaleducation G.They mustobserveandgettoknowtheirstudentsin ordertoindividualiseeducationalplans 答案 1.E 2.G 3.C 4.B 5.F SectionⅢ UsingLanguage, AssessingYourProgress& VideoTime 课前·基础认知 词汇认知 重点单词 1. adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要 性上)更高的 2. n.劳动(者);体力劳动 vi.奋斗;努力工作 3. n.皮革;[pl.]皮衣;皮外套 4. n.控制板;仪表盘;专家咨询组 5. n.英寸(长度单位,等于2.54厘米) 6. adv.向后;倒着;往回 15