Chapter 24 Immune diversity 莘大
Chapter 24 Immune diversity
24.1 Introduction 24.2 Clonal selection amplifies lymphocytes that respond to individual antigens 24.3 Immunoglobulin genes are assembled from their parts in lymphocytes 24. 4 Light chains are assembled by a single recombination 24. 5 Heavy chains are assembled by two recombinations 24.6 Recombination generates extensive diversity 24.7 Avian immunoglobulins are assembled from pseudogenes 24.8 Immune recombination uses two types of consensus sequence 24.9 Recombination generates deletions or inversions 24. 10 The RAG proteins catalyze breakage and reunion 24. 11 Allelic exclusion is triggered by productive rearrangement 24.12 DNA recombination causes class switching 24. 13 Early heavy chain expression can be changed by RNA processing 24 14 Somatic mutation generates additional diversity 24.15 B cell development and memory 24. 16T-cell receptors are related to immunoglobulins 24. 17 The major histocompatibility locus codes for many genes of the immune system 消当
24.1 Introduction 24.2 Clonal selection amplifies lymphocytes that respond to individual antigens 24.3 Immunoglobulin genes are assembled from their parts in lymphocytes 24.4 Light chains are assembled by a single recombination 24.5 Heavy chains are assembled by two recombinations 24.6 Recombination generates extensive diversity 24.7 Avian immunoglobulins are assembled from pseudogenes 24.8 Immune recombination uses two types of consensus sequence 24.9 Recombination generates deletions or inversions 24.10 The RAG proteins catalyze breakage and reunion 24.11 Allelic exclusion is triggered by productive rearrangement 24.12 DNA recombination causes class switching 24.13 Early heavy chain expression can be changed by RNA processing 24.14 Somatic mutation generates additional diversity 24.15 B cell development and memory 24.16 T-cell receptors are related to immunoglobulins 24.17 The major histocompatibility locus codes for many genes of the immune system
24.1Introduction Antigen is any molecule whose entry into an organism provokes synthesis of an antibody (immunoglobulin) Superfamily is a set of genes all related by presumed descent from a common ancestor, but now showing considerable variation T cells are lymphocytes of the T( thymic) lineage; may be subdivided into several functional types. They carry TCR (T-cell receptor) and are involved in the cell mediated immune response 消当
Antigen is any molecule whose entry into an organism provokes synthesis of an antibody (immunoglobulin). Superfamily is a set of genes all related by presumed descent from a common ancestor, but now showing considerable variation. T cells are lymphocytes of the T (thymic) lineage; may be subdivided into several functional types. They carry TcR (T-cell receptor) and are involved in the cellmediated immune response. 24.1 Introduction
24.1Introduction B cetl Secretion of antibodies by B cell requires helper T cells Figure 24.1 humoral 人人A immunity is conferred by the Antibodies Antigen binding of free antibodies to antigens to form antigen Antibody-antigen antibody complexes that are complex removed from the bloodstream by macrophages or that are attacked directly by the complement proteins Macrophage 消当 Complement
Figure 24.1 Humoral immunity is conferred by the binding of free antibodies to antigens to form antigenantibody complexes that are removed from the bloodstream by macrophages or that are attacked directly by the complement proteins. 24.1 Introduction
Infected target cell degrades antigen into fragments 24.1Introduction ↓ Figure 24.2 In cell-mediated immunity killer T cells use Kiler: T: cell he T-cell receptor to recognize a fragment of the MHC presents T-cell receptor antiger foreign antigen which is presented on the surface of the target cell by the mhc protein Killer T cell hocyte reco 消当 ntigen fragment
Figure 24.2 In cell-mediated immunity, killer T cells use the T-cell receptor to recognize a fragment of the foreign antigen which is presented on the surface of the target cell by the MHC protein. 24.1 Introduction