(1)Types of Somatic Mutation p201 Resistance Morphological mutations Characteristics mutations Other types of mutations
(1) Types of Somatic Mutation p. 201 • Resistance • Morphological mutations • Characteristics mutations • Other types of mutations
(2) Causes of somaclonal variation A. Chromosomal changes染色体变异 B. Mitotic crossing over有丝分裂交换 Apparent“ point” mutation外显“点”突变 Cytoplasmic genetic changes核质变化 E. Deamplification and amplification衰减和放大 F. Transposable element actiⅳ vation跳跃因子激活 G.Ⅴ irus elimination脱毒 H. Methylation or demethylation甲基化或脱甲基化 L. Altered expression of multigene families多基因家族 变异表达
(2) Causes of Somaclonal Variation A. Chromosomal changes 染色体变异 B. Mitotic crossing over 有丝分裂交换 C. Apparent “point” mutation 外显“点”突变 D. Cytoplasmic genetic changes 核质变化 E. Deamplification and amplification 衰减和放大 F. Transposable element activation 跳跃因子激活 G. Virus elimination 脱毒 H. Methylation or demethylation 甲基化或脱甲基化 I. Altered expression of multigene families 多基因家族 变异表达