Definition ■PHARMACOGENETICS Pharmacology Genetics -the study of inherited genetic differ ences in drug metabolic pathway which ca n affect individual responses to drugs,both in terms of therapeutic effect as well as adv erse effects
PHARMACOGENETICS = Pharmacology + Genetics —— the study of inherited genetic differ Definition —— the study of inherited genetic differ ences in drug metabolic pathway which ca n affect individual responses to drugs, both in terms of therapeutic effect as well as adv erse effects
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ___SNP is the most common form of genetic variation in the human genome A variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome A Key to Human Individuality Base mutation SNP A key to interindividual variations in drug 2 metabolism and response 430C>T(Arg144Cys) ·CAGCTAAC币 CYP2C9*2 A:Adenine T:Thymine G:Guanine No or decreased enzymatic activity C:Cytosine
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) A variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome A Key to Human Individuality A key to interindividual variations in drug ____SNP is the most common form of genetic variation in the human genome Base mutation metabolism and response A: Adenine T: Thymine G: Guanine C: Cytosine C A G C C C A A C T 5’ 3’ 430C>T (Arg144Cys) Arg144Cys) No or decreased enzymatic activity T CYP2C9*2
leu leu 8 8 glu Glutamate Lysine Normal Abnormal GC→AT→amino acid substitute→function change>drug metabolism and reaction
glu glu glu GAG C T C A A G T T C Glutamate Lysine Normal Abnormal G C→ A T amino acid substitute function change aadrug metabolism and reaction
The contents of pharmacogenetics Pharmacogenetics Drug Metabolizing Drug Drug Enzymes Transporters Targets Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Variability in Efficacy/Toxicity
Pharmacogenetics Drug Targets Drug Transporters Drug Metabolizing Enzymes The contents of pharmacogenetics Transporters Targets Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Variability in Efficacy/Toxicity
Drug metabolizing enzymes Widespread genetic polymorphism; According to their ability to metabolize drugs,they are classified as: UM,ultra-rapid metabolizer EM,extensive metabolizer IM,intermediate metabolizer PM,poor metabolizer
Widespread genetic polymorphism; According to their ability to metabolize drugs, they are classified as： Drug metabolizing enzymes UM, ultra-rapid metabolizer EM, extensive metabolizer IM, intermediate metabolizer PM, poor metabolizer