Acronyms Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans NPS: nonpoint source NRCS: Natural Resources Conservation Service NRI: National Resources Inventory NSFC: National Small Flows Clearinghouse NSI: National Sediment Inventory NTTS: National TMDL Tracking System NTU: nephelo NWI: National Wetlands Inventory NWIS: National Water Information System O&M: operation and maintenance OMB: [U.S. ]Office of Management and Budget ORSANCO: Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission OSM: Office of Surface Mining P8-UCM: Program for Predicting Polluting Particle Passage through Pits, Puddles, and Ponds- Urban Catchment Model PAH: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PBMS: Performance-Based Methods System PCS: Permit Compliance System PGC-BMP: Prince George's County Best Management Practice Module POTW: publicly owned treatment works PSA: public service announcement QAPP: quality assurance project plan QA/QC: quality assurance/quality control QHEI: Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index QUAL2E: Enhanced Stream Water Qaulity Model RBP: Rapid Bioassessment Protocol REMM: Riparian Ecosystem Mar RF1: Reach File Version 1 RF2: Reach File version 2 RF3-Alpha: Reach File Version 3-Alpha RMP: resource management plan RPD: relative percent difference RSAT: Rapid Stream Assessment Technique SAMP: Special Area Management Plan SAP: sampling and analysis plan SAR: synthetic aperture radar SCS: Soil Conservation service SDWA: Safe Drinking Water Act SED3D: Three-dimensional Numerical Model of Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport in Lakes and Estuaries SEM: simultaneously extracted metals SET: Site Evaluation Tool SLAMM: Source Loading and Management Model soP: standard operating procedure
Acronyms Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect Our Waters xiv Draft NPS: nonpoint source NRCS: Natural Resources Conservation Service NRI: National Resources Inventory NSFC: National Small Flows Clearinghouse NSI: National Sediment Inventory NTTS: National TMDL Tracking System NTU: nephelometric turbidity unit NWI: National Wetlands Inventory NWIS: National Water Information System O&M: operation and maintenance OMB: [U.S.] Office of Management and Budget ORSANCO: Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission OSM: Office of Surface Mining P8-UCM: Program for Predicting Polluting Particle Passage through Pits, Puddles, and Ponds - Urban Catchment Model PAH: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PBMS: Performance-Based Methods System PCS: Permit Compliance System PGC-BMP: Prince George’s County Best Management Practice Module POTW: publicly owned treatment works PSA: public service announcement QAPP: quality assurance project plan QA/QC: quality assurance/quality control QHEI: Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index QUAL2E: Enhanced Stream Water Qaulity Model RBP: Rapid Bioassessment Protocol REMM: Riparian Ecosystem Management Model RF1: Reach File Version 1 RF2: Reach File Version 2 RF3-Alpha: Reach File Version 3 - Alpha RMP: resource management plan RPD: relative percent difference RSAT: Rapid Stream Assessment Technique RUSLE: Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation SAMP: Special Area Management Plan SAP: sampling and analysis plan SAR: synthetic aperture radar SCS: Soil Conservation Service SDWA: Safe Drinking Water Act SED3D: Three-dimensional Numerical Model of Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport in Lakes and Estuaries SEM: simultaneously extracted metals SET: Site Evaluation Tool SLAMM: Source Loading and Management Model SOP: standard operating procedure
Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and protect our waters A SPARROW: Spatially Referenced Regression on Watershed Attributes SRF: State Revolving Fund SSO: sanitary sewer overflow SSURGO: Soil Survey Geographic STATSGO: State Soil Geographic Da STEPL: Spreadsheet Tool for Estimating Pollutant Load STORET: Storage and Retrieval STORM: Storage, Treatment, Overflow, Runoff Model SVAP: Stream Visual Assessment Protocol SWA: source water as SWAP: Source Water Assessment Progra SWAT: Soil and water Assessment tool SWCD: Soil and Water Conservation district SWCP: soil and water conservation plan SWMM: Storm Water Management Model SWP: source water protection SWPP: source water protection plan SWPPP: stormwater pollution prevention plar TCEQ: Texas Commission on Environmental Quality TDS: total dissolved solids TIGER: Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing TKN: total Kjeldahl nitrogen TM: thematic mapper TMDL: Total Maximum Daily Load TOC: total organic carbon TP: total phosphorus TSI: Carlson,s Trophic Status Index TSP: technical service provider USACE: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers uSCm: microsiemens per centimeter USDA: U.S. Department of Agriculture USFWS: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service USGS: U.S. Geological Survey USLE: Universal Soil Loss Equation UTM universal transverse mercator VAFSWM: Virginia Field Scale Wetland Model VFSMOD: Vegetative Filter Strip Model VSAP: Visual Stream Assessment Protocol WAMView: Watershed Assessment model with an arcview Interface WARMF: Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework ASP: Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program WATERS: Watershed Assessment, Tracking and Environmental Results System
Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect Our Waters Acronyms Draft xv SPARROW: Spatially Referenced Regression on Watershed Attributes SRF: State Revolving Fund SSO: sanitary sewer overflow SSURGO: Soil Survey Geographic Database STATSGO: State Soil Geographic Database STEPL: Spreadsheet Tool for Estimating Pollutant Load STORET: Storage and Retrieval STORM: Storage, Treatment, Overflow, Runoff Model SVAP: Stream Visual Assessment Protocol SWA: source water assessment SWAP: Source Water Assessment Program SWAT: Soil and Water Assessment Tool SWCD: Soil and Water Conservation District SWCP: soil and water conservation plan SWMM: Storm Water Management Model SWP: source water protection SWPP: source water protection plan SWPPP: stormwater pollution prevention plan TCEQ: Texas Commission on Environmental Quality TDS: total dissolved solids TIGER: Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing TKN: total Kjeldahl nitrogen TM: thematic mapper TMDL: Total Maximum Daily Load TOC: total organic carbon TP: total phosphorus TSI: Carlson’s Trophic Status Index TSP: technical service provider TSS: total suspended solids USACE: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers µS/cm: microsiemens per centimeter USDA: U.S. Department of Agriculture USFWS: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service USGS: U.S. Geological Survey USLE: Universal Soil Loss Equation UTM: universal transverse mercator VAFSWM: Virginia Field Scale Wetland Model VFSMOD: Vegetative Filter Strip Model VSAP: Visual Stream Assessment Protocol WAMView: Watershed Assessment Model with an ArcView Interface WARMF: Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework WASP: Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program WATERS: Watershed Assessment, Tracking and Environmental Results System
Acronyms Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect our waters WATERSHEDSS: WATER, Soil, and Hydro- Environmental Decision Support System WBD: watershed boundary dataset WCS: Watershed Characterization Syster NEPP: Water Erosion Prediction Project WHP WinHSPF: Interactive Windows Interface to HSPF IS: Watershed Modeling System wQS: water quality standard WRAS: Watershed Restoration Action Strategy WRDA: Water Resources Development Act WWTP: wastewater treatment plant
Acronyms Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect Our Waters xvi Draft WATERSHEDSS: WATER, Soil, and Hydro- Environmental Decision Support System WBD: watershed boundary dataset WCS: Watershed Characterization System WEPP: Water Erosion Prediction Project WHP: wellhead protection WinHSPF: Interactive Windows Interface to HSPF WMS: Watershed Modeling System WQS: water quality standard WRAS: Watershed Restoration Action Strategy WRDA: Water Resources Development Act WWTP: wastewater treatment plant
Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans Chapter 1 to Restore and protect our waters Introduction Handbook Road Map 1。 Introd uction Introduction 2 Overview of Watershed Planning Process 4 Define Scope of Watershed Planning EFfort 5 Gather Existing Data and Create an Inventory hapter highli g hts 6 Identify Data Gaps and Collect Additional Data if Needed Purpose of handbook te Data to Characterize the Watershed Intended audience and Pollutant Sources 8 Estimate Pollutant Loads Chapter summaries Tips for using the handbook Set Goals and Identify Load Reductions 11 Evaluate Options and Select Final 13 Implement Watershed Plan and Measure Read this chapter if.. You want to know if this handbook is intended for you You want an overview of all the chapters You want tips on how to skip around to various sections in the handbook
Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect Our Waters Chapter 1 Introduction Draft 1-1 1. Introduction Read this chapter if... • You want to know if this handbook is intended for you • You want an overview of all the chapters • You want tips on how to skip around to various sections in the handbook Handbook Road Map 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Watershed Planning Process 3 Build Partnerships 4 Define Scope of Watershed Planning Effort 5 Gather Existing Data and Create an Inventory 6 Identify Data Gaps and Collect Additional Data if Needed 7 Analyze Data to Characterize the Watershed and Pollutant Sources 8 Estimate Pollutant Loads 9 Set Goals and Identify Load Reductions 10 Identify Possible Management Strategies 11 Evaluate Options and Select Final Management Strategies 12 Design Implementation Program and Assemble Watershed Plan 13 Implement Watershed Plan and Measure Progress Chapter Highlights < Purpose of handbook < Intended audience < Chapter summaries < Tips for using the handbook
Chapter 1 Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans Introduction to Restore and Protect our waters 1.1 What Is the Purpose of This Handbook? This handbook provides information on developing and implementing watershed plans that help to restore and protect water quality. Experience over the past decade has shown that effective watershed management includes active participation from stakeholders, analysis and quantification of the specific causes and sources of water quality problems A watershed is the land area that drains to a identification of measurable water quality goals, and specific common waterway, such as a stream, lake, estuary, actions needed to solve those problems wetland, or ultimately the Don t be daunted by the size of this handbook. Although it is comprehensive in terms of providing resources and tools for each step of the road maps along the way so you can flip to specific sections for more in-depth and watershed planning process, it is laid out in an easy-to-read format with shortcuts nformation. You might not need to read all the sections if you have already completed some stages of the watershed planning Watershed plans are a means to resolve and process. Read the highlights at the beginning of each chapter to prevent water quality problems that result from both determine whether you can skip to the next section point source and nonpoint source problems Although the primary focus of this handbook is on This handbook is intended to serve as the basis for developing waters listed as impaired under section 303(d)of and implementing watershed plans to meet water quality the Clean Water Act, watershed plans are intended standards and protect water resources. Although watershed plans to provide both an analytic framework to restore are useful for all watersheds to protect and restore water water quality in impaired waters and to protect water quality in other waters adversely affected or resources, as well as to meet other community resource goal threatened by point source and cal for impaired or thr recent national water quality assessment(2000)reported that 40 to 50 percent of the nation's assessed waterbodies are impaired or threatened. This handbook is designed to provide a framework to help you develop a scientifically defensible plan that will lead to measurable results and an overall improvement in the water quality and watershed conditions that are important to your community Developing watershed plans does not have to be an exhaustive, expensive endeavor This handbook shows you how to effectively and efficiently collect the information you need to answer the right questions. The level of effort you expend preparing a watershed plan will depend on several factors, such as the available information, the size of the watershed, and the pollutants of concern Federal, state, and local organizations have developed many watershed guides. EPA intends for this handbook to supplement, rather than replace, those guides. Appendix a includes a list of some of the watershed planning guides for your reference 1-2
Chapter 1 Introduction Handbook for Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect Our Waters 1-2 Draft A watershed is the land area that drains to a common waterway, such as a stream, lake, estuary, wetland, or ultimately the ocean. Watershed plans are a means to resolve and prevent water quality problems that result from both point source and nonpoint source problems. Although the primary focus of this handbook is on waters listed as impaired under section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act, watershed plans are intended to provide both an analytic framework to restore water quality in impaired waters and to protect water quality in other waters adversely affected or threatened by point source and nonpoint source pollution. 1.1 What Is the Purpose of This Handbook? This handbook provides information on developing and implementing watershed plans that help to restore and protect water quality. Experience over the past decade has shown that effective watershed management includes active participation from stakeholders, analysis and quantification of the specific causes and sources of water quality problems, identification of measurable water quality goals, and specific actions needed to solve those problems. Don’t be daunted by the size of this handbook. Although it is comprehensive in terms of providing resources and tools for each step of the watershed planning process, it is laid out in an easy-to-read format with shortcuts and road maps along the way so you can flip to specific sections for more in-depth information. You might not need to read all the sections if you have already completed some stages of the watershed planning process. Read the highlights at the beginning of each chapter to determine whether you can skip to the next section. This handbook is intended to serve as the basis for developing and implementing watershed plans to meet water quality standards and protect water resources. Although watershed plans are useful for all watersheds to protect and restore water resources, as well as to meet other community resource goals, they are critical for impaired or threatened waterbodies. The most recent national water quality assessment (2000) reported that 40 to 50 percent of the nation’s assessed waterbodies are impaired or threatened. This handbook is designed to provide a framework to help you develop a scientifically defensible plan that will lead to measurable results and an overall improvement in the water quality and watershed conditions that are important to your community. Developing watershed plans does not have to be an exhaustive, expensive endeavor. This handbook shows you how to effectively and efficiently collect the information you need to answer the right questions. The level of effort you expend preparing a watershed plan will depend on several factors, such as the available information, the size of the watershed, and the pollutants of concern. Federal, state, and local organizations have developed many watershed guides. EPA intends for this handbook to supplement, rather than replace, those guides. KAppendix A includes a list of some of the watershed planning guides for your reference