1 1.Casa Malaparte(Villa Malaparte),Capri,Italy Adalberto Libera,1937-1943 Adalberto Libera provides us with a clear example of a building responding to its landscape.The Casa Malaparte sits on top of a rocky outcrop on the eastern side of the Island of Capri in Italy.It is constructed from masonry,and is so intrinsically connected to its site that it actually appears to be part of the landscape. 2.A city skyline,London,UK In an urban environment,a mixture of historical and contemporary buildings can work well together.The London skyline,viewed here from the South Bank,shows a city that has evolved over hundreds of years,each element connecting to the other in terms of material, form and scale. 13 2 H
Job No: D0312-18 / YEE PEI 1st Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 13 Text 3/13/12 4:45 PM Black 2 1. Casa Malaparte (Villa Malaparte), Capri, Italy Adalberto Libera, 1937–1943 Adalberto Libera provides us with a clear example of a building responding to its landscape. The Casa Malaparte sits on top of a rocky outcrop on the eastern side of the Island of Capri in Italy. It is constructed from masonry, and is so intrinsically connected to its site that it actually appears to be part of the landscape. 2. A city skyline, London, UK In an urban environment, a mixture of historical and contemporary buildings can work well together. The London skyline, viewed here from the South Bank, shows a city that has evolved over hundreds of years, each element connecting to the other in terms of material, form and scale. 13 1 Job No: D0312-18 / YEE PEI 1st Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 13 3/13/12 4:46 PM
1.Istanbul:Karakoy analysis This is a map of an area of Istanbul, alongside the water edge,the study identifies the key centres of activity along the map and also describes the various intended'character areas'through use of colour. 14 SITE ANALYSIS AND MAPPING Techniques to record and understand a site are varied, To properly analyse a site it must be mapped,which from physical surveys(measuring quantitatively what means recording the many forms of information that exist is there)to qualitatively interpreting aspects of light, on it.The mapping needs to include physical aspects of sound and experience.Most simply,just visiting a site to the site,but also more qualitative aspects of the experience watch and record its life cycle can provide clues about and personal interpretations of the place how to produce a suitable design response. There are a range of tools that can be used to map a site, Contextual site responses respect the known parameters of investigate it and produce a design from its indicators. the site.Acontextual responses deliberately work against These are analytical tools that allow the site to be the same parameters to create contrast and reaction.For measured in a range of different ways. either approach it is necessary for the architect to have read the site,and properly understood it via various forms of site analysis
Job No: D0312-18 / YEE PEI 1st Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 14 Text 3/13/12 8:41 PM Black 1 1. Istanbul: Karaköy analysis This is a map of an area of Istanbul, alongside the water edge, the study identifies the key centres of activity along the map and also describes the various intended ‘character areas‘ through use of colour. SITE ANALYSIS AND MAPPING Techniques to record and understand a site are varied, from physical surveys (measuring quantitatively what is there) to qualitatively interpreting aspects of light, sound and experience. Most simply, just visiting a site to watch and record its life cycle can provide clues about how to produce a suitable design response. Contextual site responses respect the known parameters of the site. Acontextual responses deliberately work against the same parameters to create contrast and reaction. For either approach it is necessary for the architect to have read the site, and properly understood it via various forms of site analysis. To properly analyse a site it must be mapped, which means recording the many forms of information that exist on it. The mapping needs to include physical aspects of the site, but also more qualitative aspects of the experience and personal interpretations of the place. There are a range of tools that can be used to map a site, investigate it and produce a design from its indicators. These are analytical tools that allow the site to be measured in a range of different ways. Placing Architecture 14 Job No: D0312-18 / YEE PEI 1st Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 14 3/13/12 8:41 PM
2 2.Personal interpretations of a site A collage image of London comprises a set of sketches of a journey,overlaid on a train map;a personal interpretation of a visit to 团冠重限 London. TOOL ONE:PERSONAL INTERPRETATION OF A SITE 15 The first impression we have of a place is critical.Our Serial vision is a useful technique to apply to any site personal interpretations of the overall character of a site (or building),in order to explain how it operates spatially will inform subsequent design decisions,and it is important and to identify its significance.The visuals can be to record these honestly and immediately. created either as a series of sketches or as photographs of the journey,as long as they are assembled and read in The idea of a personal journey around a site and the sequence. interpretation of it is something that Gordon Cullen focuses upon when he describes the concept of 'serial vision'in his book The Concise Townscape(1961).This concept suggests that the area under study is drawn as a map,and a series of points are then identified on it,each one indicating a different view of the site.These views are then sketched out as small thumbnails,which offer personal impressions of the site's space
Job No: D0312-18 / YEE PEI 1st Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 15 Text 3/13/12 4:45 PM Black 2. Personal interpretations of a site A collage image of London comprises a set of sketches of a journey, overlaid on a train map; a personal interpretation of a visit to London. Site > Place and space TOOL ONE: PERSONAL INTERPRETATION OF A SITE The first impression we have of a place is critical. Our personal interpretations of the overall character of a site will inform subsequent design decisions, and it is important to record these honestly and immediately. The idea of a personal journey around a site and the interpretation of it is something that Gordon Cullen focuses upon when he describes the concept of ‘serial vision’ in his book The Concise Townscape (1961). This concept suggests that the area under study is drawn as a map, and a series of points are then identified on it, each one indicating a different view of the site. These views are then sketched out as small thumbnails, which offer personal impressions of the site’s space. Serial vision is a useful technique to apply to any site (or building), in order to explain how it operates spatially and to identify its significance. The visuals can be created either as a series of sketches or as photographs of the journey, as long as they are assembled and read in sequence. 15 2 Job No: D0312-18 / YEE PEI 1st Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 15 3/13/12 4:46 PM
1.2.3.Figure ground studies 1.Figure ground study of London with the River Thames clearly indicated as an open space 2.A site in Old Portsmouth,UK:;the blue areas indicate the water's edge,major roads are grey and the buildings are black. 3.This series of images illustrates the position of a site in relationship to its orientation. 16 TOOL TWO:FIGURE GROUND STUDY A figure ground study is a type of drawing that maps analysis.This method allows for a focus on the figure buildings as solid blocks,clearly identifying the space (building)and the ground(space around the building). around them.A figure ground study presents a city as Historically,figure ground studies have been used to areas of spaces and solids,producing an abstract site identify the different types of space in cities. 3 ■Laid brick Site analysis
Job No: CD0412-3 / Sammi 2nd Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 16 Text 4/4/12 5:55 PM Black 2 Vehicular Pedestrian Winter Solace Summer Solace Quiet Site analysis Tarmac Public Private Normal Cobbles Loud Water Portsea Island Old Portsmouth, Camber Site Positioning Wind Rose Building Use Noise Map Movement / Access Figure Ground Map Prospect Sun Paths Surface materials UK Laid brick TOOL TWO: FIGURE GROUND STUDY 3 1 1., 2. & 3. Figure ground studies 1. Figure ground study of London with the River Thames clearly indicated as an open space. 2. A site in Old Portsmouth, UK; the blue areas indicate the water’s edge, major roads are grey and the buildings are black. 3. This series of images illustrates the position of a site in relationship to its orientation. A figure ground study is a type of drawing that maps buildings as solid blocks, clearly identifying the space around them. A figure ground study presents a city as areas of spaces and solids, producing an abstract site analysis. This method allows for a focus on the figure (building) and the ground (space around the building). Historically, figure ground studies have been used to identify the different types of space in cities. Placing Architecture 16 Job No: CD0412-3 / Sammi 2nd Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 16 4/4/12 5:55 PM
4 14 Telephone Exchange 13.7m 如we TOOL THREE:HISTORICAL TRACING OF THE SITE 17 Mapping a site over a series of significant stages in the course of its history provides a description of the life and memory of a place.Historical tracing can be achieved by overlaying a range of same- scale maps from the same site,each one depicting a different stage of the site's development.Doing so allows all the maps to be read concurrently and produces an image of the site that captures both its past and present. Historical tracing can provide important triggers for a design idea.There may be a historic route,path,road or railway line that could suggest a significant axis,which could be acknowledged in a design idea.Similarly,remains of Roman walls or other important structures could also be recognized in a new building proposal.Historical site analysis can provide inspiration for a contemporary idea that connects directly with the past archaeology of a site. 4.Historical tracing of a site Historical site mapping can bring together all the significant developments in a site's lifespan.This provides a'complete'picture of the site,which can then be used as a source of inspiration for future concepts
Job No: D0312-18 / YEE PEI 1st Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 17 Text 3/13/12 6:11 PM Black 4 4. Historical tracing of a site Historical site mapping can bring together all the significant developments in a site’s lifespan. This provides a ‘complete’ picture of the site, which can then be used as a source of inspiration for future concepts. Site > Place and space TOOL THREE: HISTORICAL TRACING OF THE SITE Mapping a site over a series of significant stages in the course of its history provides a description of the life and memory of a place. Historical tracing can be achieved by overlaying a range of samescale maps from the same site, each one depicting a different stage of the site’s development. Doing so allows all the maps to be read concurrently and produces an image of the site that captures both its past and present. Historical tracing can provide important triggers for a design idea. There may be a historic route, path, road or railway line that could suggest a significant axis, which could be acknowledged in a design idea. Similarly, remains of Roman walls or other important structures could also be recognized in a new building proposal. Historical site analysis can provide inspiration for a contemporary idea that connects directly with the past archaeology of a site. 17 Job No: D0312-18 / YEE PEI 1st Proof Title: Fund Architecture 2nd Edition (AVA) 76451_CTP_001-045GK_2Mar_.indd 17 3/13/12 6:11 PM