Table7.9Indexes of stainless steelbody and aluminum alloybodyIndex nameAluminum alloyStainless steel7.85 g/cm32.71g/cmDensityTensile strength270~310MPa690~930MPaYield strength200-260MPa345~685MPa0.71E10N/mm22.06E10N/mmRigidity (elasticity modulus)About 660CAbout1,500℃Melting pointWeldingmannerArgonarcweldingSpot welding, laser weldingBadGoodCorrosionresistancePriceAbout130,000perton,cheapAbout.170,000perton,expensiveShortLongServicelife
Terminology结构材料structural material ['straktforalma'trorial]功能材料functionalmateriall'fankfanalma'trarial金属材料metallicmaterial[ma'taelikma'trarial]inorganicnonmetallicmaterial无机非金属材料[,mo:'genik'npnmr'taelikma'tiarial]composite['kpmpazit]n.复合材料a conceptual whole made up of complicated and relatedparts黑色金属ferrous metal ['feras'met]]有色金属nonferrousmetal['npn'feras'metl
Terminology
铝合金aluminumalloye'lurminamelor车体vehicle body['virkl bpdi]陶瓷材料ceramicmaterial[sa'raemrkma'trorial]不锈钢stainless steel Lsteinles'sti:l]高强度耐候钢high strength weathering steel [hal streno'wedarim sti:l]低合金高强度钢（简称low-alloy high-strength steel [lau'aelorhal strene sti:l]为HSLA steel)奥氏体不锈钢austenitestainless steel'orstanait'steinlrs sti:l工程材料engineeringmaterialLendsr'niornma'tiorial铁碳合金ironcarbonalloy['aren'ka:ban'alon]屈服强度yield strength [jild strene]抗拉强度tensile strength['tensal streno]疲劳强度fatigue strength [fa'tig streno]
ductility[dak'tiloti]n.韧性the malleability of something that can be drawn intothreads or wires orhammered intothin sheetselongation[i:lpn'gerfan]n.延伸率thequalityof being elongated断面收缩率percent reduction in area [pa'sent rr'dakfon m'eoria]洛氏硬度Brinellhardness(HB)['brinel'ha:dnis布氏硬度Rockwellhardness(HR)I'rpkwel'ha:dnis)显微硬度micro hardness ['markrau'haidnis]冲击韧度impacttoughness['mpaekt'tafnas冲击功impactenergy['mpaekt'enadsi]weldability[welda'biliti]焊接性能ofamaterial referstoitsabilitytobeweldedmachinability[mafina'brliti]切削加工性能the ease with which a metal can be machined to anacceptablesurface
vacuum electron beam welding真空电子束焊接['vaekjuom'i'lektron'bim'weldm]recrystallizationtemperature再结晶温度[rekristelar'zerfon'temprotfa]碳素钢carbon steel ['ka:ban sti:l]变形铝合金wrought aluminum alloy [roit a'lu: minem'elor]铸造铝合金casting aluminum alloy['kaestin a'luminam'aelor网架结构space truss structure [speis tras'straktfa]